Microbes cellulolytic

Luczkovich, J. J. and Stellwag, E. J., Isolation of cellulolytic microbes from the intestinal tract of the pinfish Lagodon rhomboides size-related changes in diet and microbial abundance, Mar. Biol., 116, 381, 1993. 

Weimer, P.J. and Odt, C.L., Cellulose degradation by ruminal microbes physiological and hydrolytic diversity among ruminal cellulolytic bacteria, in Enzymatic Degradation of Insoluble Carbohydrates, Saddler, J.N. and Penner, M.H., Eds., ACS Symposium Series, No. 618, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1995, chap. 18. 

Digest cellulose extensively, and probably hemicelluloses, but not lignin Bankia secretes own cellu-lase, and also has cellulolytic gut microbes (59)... 

Van Soest, P. J. (1982). Rumen microbes. In "Nutritional ecology of the ruminant Ruminant metabolism, nutritional strategies, the cellulolytic fermentation and the chemistry of forages and plant fibers." Chap.10. In "Part IV Gastrointestinal Fermentations." Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 

The composted soil bed composed of variety of microbes (e.g., bacteria and fungi) can be employed in soil burial test. The microbial attack of cellulolytic microflora in a composted soil bed is considered to be the most rigorous and practical means for the evaluation of anti-deterioration treatments. The treated and untreated fabric strips are buried and exposed to the microbial... 

Yamada R, Taniguchi N, Tanaka T, Ogino C, Fukuda H, Kondo A. (2010b). Cocktail 5-integraion a novel method to construct cellulolytic enzyme expression ratio-optimized yeast strain. Microb Cell Fact, 9, 32. 

Thus, based on the end application of the product, the production technology can be selected. For example, cellulase produced by SSF can be directly concentrated and employed for the hydrolysis of biomass. It does not require purification before the application, as the enzyme itself is a multienzyme complex. The microbe employed usually produces accessory proteins along with main products, which are reported to increase the hydrolysis efficiency. Moreover, if the biomass employed for enzyme production and hydrolysis are the same, the cellulolytic enzymes produced could be more efficient. 

As referred previously, two main types of cellulolytic systems are currently recognized. Those based on free , soluble enzymes, produced mostly by aerobic microbes that secrete individual cellulases, which act synergistically on native cellulose and those based on complexes of cellulolytic enzymes, or cellulosomes , produced by some anaerobic bacteria and fungi, which are usually attached to the outer surface of the microorganism [40, 101]. CBMs play a role in the phase transfer of a soluble free enzyme onto the insoluble substrate [68, 69]. CBMs are present in several polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, namely in hemicellulases [56, 58, 102], endomannanases [12], xylanases [56, 103], acetyl-xylanesterases [104] and )3-glucosidases [71]. 

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