Microarrays types

Compounds Tissue Source Microarray type Compounds Data Availability Reference... 

Table 1 Summary of microarray types and their applications in chemical biology...

Most important protein microarray types 3.4.3.1 Glass microarray slides... 

There are many protocols and different types of platforms available, e.g. GeneChips from Affymetrix, Illumina Bead Arrays, Arrays from Agilent, Applied Biosystems, GE Healthcare, customized spotted cDNA microarrays etc. the basic procedure for a large-scale measurement of gene expression involves the preparation of total or mRNA from the biological sample(s) under investigation (e.g. candidate tissue) and the hybridization of copied labelled RNA or cDNA to the DNA elements on the array surface (Fig. 1). 

Chang YE et al. Microarray analysis identifies interferon-inducible genes and Stat-1 as major transcriptional targets of human papillomavims type 31. J Virol 2000 74 4174-4182. 

Li J et al. Typing and subtyping influenza vims using DNA microarrays and... 

A similar type of biotin-dendritic multimer also was used to boost sensitivity in DNA microarray detection by 100-fold over that obtainable using traditional avidin-biotin reagent systems (Stears, 2000 Striebel et al., 2004). With this system, a polyvalent biotin dendrimer is able to bind many labeled avidin or streptavidin molecules, which may carry enzymes or fluorescent probes for assay detection. In addition, if the biotinylated dendrimer and the streptavidin detection agent is added at the same time, then at the site of a captured analyte, the biotin-dendrimer conjugates can form huge multi-dendrimer complexes wherein avidin or streptavidin detection reagents bridge between more than one dendrimer. Thus, the use of multivalent biotin-dendrimers can become universal enhancers of DNA hybridization assays or immunoassay procedures. 

Hauser, N.C., Martinez, R., Jacob, A., Rupp, S., Hoheisel, J.D., and Matysiak, S. (2006) Utilising the left-helical conformation of l-DNA for analysing different marker types on a single universal microarray platform. Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 5101-5111. 

Currently, protein microarrays can be divided into various types depending on the strategies to be chosen. For example, according to the array structure and shape, protein microarrays include 3D-surface structure [30, 31], nanowell [32], and plain chips [33-36], Meanwhile, considering the field of application, protein microarrays can be classified into five categories antibody array, antigen or reserve array, functional array, capture array, and solute array. Table 11.6 shows the differences among them. 

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