Methanogens Methanol

Under methanogenic conditions, a strain of Methanosarcina sp. transformed tetrachloroethene to trichloroethene (Fathepnre and Boyd 1988). In the presence of suitable electron donors snch as methanol, complete rednction of tetrachloroethene to ethene may be achieved in spite of the fact that the dechlorination of vinyl chloride appeared to be the rate-limiting step (Freedman and Gossett 1989). 

A methanogenic bacterium was isolated from oil reservoir brines by enrichment with trimethylamine. Methane production occurred only with trimethyl-amine compounds or methanol as substrates. Sodium ions, magnesium ions, and potassium ions were all required for growth. This organism appears to be a member of the genus Methanohalophilus based on substrate utilization and general growth characteristics [695]. 

Methane monooxygenase (MMO) Methanogenic bacteria Methane —> methanol... 

Methanesulfonyl chloride, 23 653, 681-683 Methano[60]fullerenes, 12 242 Methanogenic conditions, defined, 3 757t Methanoic acid, physical properties, 5 29t Methanol, 16 299-316. See also Methanol synthesis... 

In contrast to Sec-tRNA and fMet-tRNA formation, Pyl-tRNA y formation can occur by direct acylation of pyrrolysine onto tRNA i Pyrrolysine (Pyl), the twenty-second amino acid, was discovered incorporated in methylamine methyltrans-ferases from Methanosarcinaceae, a branch of methanogenic archaea that has the ability to reduce a wide variety of compounds to methane including carbon dioxide, acetate, methanol, methylated thiols, and methylated amines (72). Methanogenesis... 

Methanogens use methanogenic substrates for biosynthetic needs. Also, mixotrophic growth (e.g. with methanol + H2-CO2) is possible with some organisms. Table 1 and the reviews mentioned above provide key references on use of these substrates. 

Methanopterin (or a variant) is found in all methanogens, except possibly at very low levels in Methanosphaera stadtmanii[A6, %, 9]. This latter organism produces methane solely by the reduction of methanol to methane, with no methanol oxidation, and thus needs no methanopterin in the methanogenic pathway (however, it may need a low level for biosynthetic needs, e.g. in synthesis of serine or glycine [120]). 

A few methanogens can also use some non-methanol alcohols as a primary electron source for C02-methanogenesis (Table 2 [25-28,212]) by expressing an alcohol... 

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