Methane + propane + n-butane

Schubert, C.C., Pease, R.N. (1956) The oxidation of lower paraffin hydrocarbons. I. Room temperature reaction of methane, propane, n-butane and isobutane with ozonized oxygen. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 2044—2048. 

Hydrate Methane + propane + n-butane Reference Paranjpe et al. (1987)... 

Schubert, C. C. Pease, R. N. The Oxidation of Lower Paraffin Hydrocarbons. I. Room Temperature Reaction of Methane, Propane, n-Butane and Isobutane with Ozonized Oxygen. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78,2044-2048. 

Figure 1 Experimental shock tube ignition delay time measurements (symbols) and model predictions for methane, propane, n-butane and n-pentane. Also shown are computed predictions for iso-butane.

Paraffinic Hydrocarbons Methane Ethane Propane n-Butane 1-Butane n-Pentane n-Hexane... 

D. A. Pittam, G. Pilcher. Measurements of Heats of Combustion by Flame Calorimetry. Part 8. Methane, Ethane, Propane, n-Butane and 2-Methylpropane. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 11972, 68, 2224-2229. 

The interaction parameters for binary systems containing water with methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-octane, and benzene have been determined using data from the literature. The phase behavior of the paraffin - water systems can be represented very well using the modified procedure. However, the aromatic - water system can not be correlated satisfactorily. Possibly a differetn type of mixing rule will be required for the aromatic - water systems, although this has not as yet been explored. 

The gas-phase reactivity of Ln2+ with alkanes (methane, ethane, propane, n-butane) and alkenes (ethene, propene, 1-butene) was studied by Fourier transform ICR mass spectrometry. The reaction products consisted of different combinations of doubly charged organometallic ions-adducts or... 

Methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, etc. are common names that have little systematic basis and cause confusion in nomenclature. To prevent this, lUPAC developed a standard for naming organic compounds. According to the lUPAC system, there is only one name for a compound. 

The most common members of aliphatic hydrocarbons are methane, ethane, n-propane, n-butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, and n-decane. In general, after repeated exposure, these compounds cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, asphyxia, and chemical pneumonitis. In high concentrations as gas or vapor, these compounds trigger CNS depression and axonopathy. Keeping up the essential requirements of chemical safety to industrial workers, the ACGIH and OSHA have set the threshold limits for many of the aliphatic hydrocarbons. ... 

Among the chemical reactions of interest catalyzed by zeolites, those involving alkanes are specially important from the technological point of view. Thus, some alkane molecules were selected and a systematic study was conducted, on the various steps of the process (diffusion, adsorption and chemical reaction), in order to develop adequate methodologies to investigate such catalytic reactions. Linear alkanes, from methane to n-butane, as well as isobutane and neopentane, chosen as prototypes for branched alkanes, were considered in the diffusion and adsorption studies. Since the chemical step requires the use of the more time demanding quantum-mechanical techniques, only methane, ethane, propane and isobutane were considered. 

Figure 3. XPS valence band spectra of the lightest alkanes (from top to bottom and left to rightl methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-pentane, n-nonane, successively. The measurements were perform in the gas phase.

The hydrocarbon products of the plant falls naturally into four fractions. The first fraction consists of "light-gas", e.g. methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, etc. These comprise approximately 1-2% of the output and has no major potential use as a chemical feedstock. The second fraction (>20% of the output) consists of the "readily-condensible" gases, e.g. propane, n-butane and isobutane this can be regarded as the LPG fraction. The third fraction consists of approximately 33-45% of aliphatic liquid hydrocarbons and the fourth fraction can be arbitrarily divided into light and heavy aromatic hydrocarbons. 

The above equation was used to obtain values, at regular intervals of Tr from Tr = 0.5 to Tr = 1, for liquid methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, and n-pentane. The calculated values are compared with some of the available tabulations in the literature (17,18,20) in Figures 1 through 5. Excellent agreement was obtained. 

Isothermal Enthalpy Departures. The isothermal enthalpy departures from the ideal-gas state were calculated for six pure, saturated liquids (methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, i-butane, and n-pentane) using Equation 39. The proposed equation was, of course, used in its derivation... 

Methane Ethane Propane n - Butane 1 - Butene 1,3 Butadiene 5,130... 

The R—H bond rupture followed by the formation of the metal-alkyl bond Pt—R is the rate-determining step in the activation of saturated hydrocarbons by metal complexes. The exchange rate decreases with the increase of branching in the hydrocarbon molecules. The scheme in equation 188 illustrates the simultaneous formation of organic chlorides and unsaturated hydrocarbons besides the deuteriation of saturated hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, i-butane, n-hexane, c-hexane, toluene in 0.1-0.7M water solutions of H2PtCl6, containing 5%K2PtCl4 at 120 °C in sealed ampoules . ... 

Chappelow and Prausnitz (15) measured the low-pressure solubilities of methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, iso-butane and hydrogen in n-hexadecane, n-eicosane, squalqne, bicyclohexyl, octamethylcyclotetraxiloxane, diphenylmethane and 1-methylnaphtha-lene over the temperature range 25 to 200 °C. They used an apparatus as that used by Cukor and Prausnitz (27). 

For nonpolar fluids [32, 33] (methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, w-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, argon, oxygen, nitrogen, ethylene, isobutane, cyclohexane, sulfur hexafluoride, carbon monoxide, carbonyl sulfide, n-decane, hydrogen sulfide, isopentane, neopentane, isohexane, krypton, w-nonane, toluene. 

Pittam, D.A. and Pilcher, G. (1972) Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry. Part 8. Methane, ethane, propane, n-butane and 2-methylpropane./. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1,68,2224-2229. 

Property R-13B1 R-14 R-40, Methyl Chloride R-50, Methane R-170, Ethane R-290, Propane n- Butane R-744, Carbon Dioxide... 

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