Methamphetamine toxicity

Maragos, W.F., Jakel, R., Chesnut, D. et al. Methamphetamine toxicity is attenuated in mice that overexpress human manganese superoxide dismutase. Brain Res. 878 218, 2000. 

Battaglia G, Fomai F, Busceti CL, Lembo G, Nicoletti F, De Blasi A. a1B adrenergic receptor knockout mice are protected against methamphetamine toxicity. J Neurochem 2003 86 413 121. 

Derlet, R. W., T. E. Albertson, and P. Rice. 1990. Antagonism of cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine toxicity. Pharmacol Biochem. Behav. 36(4) 745-49. 

Anew report documents a rare case of MDMA and methamphetamine toxicity in a 10-week-old infant [30. ... 

Occludin =Embolic stroke in rats despite BBB breakdown lAnimal models of PD [28], cerebral ischemia [55], methamphetamine toxicity, toxic injmy [40], ethanol chronic intake, cortical cold injury, patients with MPS III [53] and cerebral malaria [65]... 

Ricaurte GA, McCann UD, Szabo Z, et al Toxicodynamics and long-term toxicity of the recreational drug 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy ). Toxicol Lett 112-113 143-146, 2000 Robinson TN, Killen JD, Taylor CB, et al Perspectives on adolescent substance use a defined population study. JAMA 258 2072-2076, 1987 Rubinstein JS Abuse of antiparkinson drugs feigning of extrapyramidal symptoms to obtain trihexyphenidyl. JAMA 239 2365, 1978 Rumack BH (ed) LSD, in Poisindex, Vol 54. Denver, CO, Micromedex, 1987 Rusyniak DE, Banks ML, Mills EM, et al Dantrolene use in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ( ecstasy )-medicated hyperthermia (letter). Anesthesiology 10 263, 2004... 

Methamphetamine and Related Drugs Toxicity and Resuiting Behaviorai Changes in Response to Pharmacoiogicai Probes... 

In other words, we do not have them self-administering these toxic doses. We have done it with some rhesus monkeys that were self-administering methamphetamine. If you give them a regime that depletes the dopamine and serotonin, and then see what alterations there are in self-administration, it does go down, but we have not looked at that. 

Sonsalla, P.K., Nicklas, W.J., I lei kk) I a, R.E. Role for excitatory amino acids in methamphetamine-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic toxicity. Science. 243 398, 1989. 

Hirata, H., Asanuma, M., Cadet, J.L. Melatonin attenuates methamphetamine-induced toxic effects on dopamine and serotonin terminals in mouse brain. Synapse. 30 150, 1998. 

Imam, S.Z., Ali, S.F. Selenium, an antioxidant, attenuates methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic toxicity and peroxynitrite generation. Brain Res. 855 186, 2000. 

That impression gets of a lot of routine reinforcement from news sources. Chemistry is associated with pollution of the atmosphere by ozone and the noxious oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, oil spills, toxic pesticides and herbicides, smelly oil refineries, undesired food additives, chemical accidents, substances of abuse such as heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine, and chemical weapons. Chemistry gets a lot of bad ink. 

Older drugs still available in some countries include phenylpropanolamine, benzphetamine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, phentermine, diethylpropion, mazindol, and phendimetrazine. These drugs are all amphetamine mimics and are central nervous system appetite suppressants they are generally helpful only during the first few weeks of therapy. Their toxicity is significant and includes hypertension (with a risk of cerebral hemorrhage) and addiction liability. 

The most commonly used agents to enhance attention in attention deficit disorder are the stimulants methylphenidate and ( -amphetamine. Other effective stimulants are not as widely used, pemoline because of liver toxicity and methamphetamine because of its greater abuse potential. Methylphenidate and ( -amphetamine act predominantly by releasing dopamine from presynaptic dopamine terminals (Figs. 12— 2 and 12—3). These agents not only block the dopamine transporter but may actually... 

Methamphetamine is a white, odorless, bitter-tasting powder that dissolves easily in water or alcohol. Methamphetamine production begins with a common chemical known as ephedrine. After using several toxic chemicals, including hydriodic acid, chemical solvents, and heavy metals such as mercury and lead, methamphetamine is produced. Chronic users often combine... 

Methamphetamine users also pose a danger to the communities in which they reside. Many users of methamphetamine also manufacture the drug, since the precursor chemicals needed are cheap and easily available. However, these chemicals are highly toxic, and thus introduce the risk to the community of toxic gases, fires, and explosions. 

Although most familiar as indirect agonists, repeated very high doses of amphetamines, can be toxic. The most potent of these is methamphetamine. Thus, four or more repeated... 

Chaturvedi AK, Cardona PS, Soper JW, Canfield DV. Distribution and optical purity of methamphetamine found in toxic concentration in a civil aviation accident pilot fatality. J Forensic Sci 2004 49 (4) 832-6. 

IMATINIB 1. ANTIARRHYTHMICS -flecainide, mexiletine, propafenone 2. ANTIDEPRESSANTS - fluoxetine, paroxetine, TCAs, trazodone, venlafaxine 3. ANTIPSYCHOTICS -clozapine, haloperidol, perphenazine, risperidone, thioridazine 4. BETA-BLOCKERS - metoprolol, propanolol, timolol 5. DONEPEZIL 6. METHAMPHETAMINE Imatinib may cause t plasma concentrations of these drugs, with a risk of toxic effects Inhibition of CYP2D6-mediated metabolism of these drugs Watch for early features of toxicity of these drugs... 

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