Methamphetamine hydrochloride salt

Methamphetamine (speed, meth, crank) can be taken orally, rectally, intranasally, by IV injection, and by smoking. The hydrochloride salt (ice,... 

Cocaine and amphetamines share a similar profile of addictiveness, though cocaines addictive properties are more intense. The cocaine that is inhaled nasally is the hydrochloride salt. The free-base form of cocaine, called crack cocaine, is also abused. As with the street drug ice, which is the free-base form of methamphetamine, crack cocaine is volatile and may be smoked for what is an intense but profoundly dangerous and addictive high. 

When both flasks have cooled down, the black reaction mixture is cautiously added to the sodium hydroxide solution. It is added in small portions, then swirled around to mix it. They react together quite violently. The reaction here is sodium hydroxide reacting with hydrochloric acid to produce table salt, with formic acid to produce sodium formate, and with methamphetamine hydrochloride to produce methamphetamine free base. When the sodium hydroxide solution gets very hot, the chemist stops adding the reaction mixture to it until it cools down again. 

If the benzedrine product is used as is, the producer makes it as the hydrochloride salt. This is made the same way as methamphetamine hydrochloride. An alternative to the hydrochloride salt is the sulfate... 

There are many natural and synthetic amine salts of biological interest. Two examples are squalamine, an antimicrobial steroid recently isolated from the dogfish shark (see Chapter 15 for more about steroids), and (+)-methamphetamine hydrochloride, the addictive and toxic stimulant commonly known as ice or meth. ... 

Methamphetamine is found as pills and powders and commonly, as a hydrochloride salt. Ingestion is via swallowing, injection, snorting, or smokhig. "Ice" is a potent form of methamphetamine named for its appearance. Its crystalline... 

Schematic of derivatization reactions, (a) Proposed pathway of methamphetamine hydrochloride derivatization. After thermal decomposition, the salt was converted to the free base, which was successfully derivatized with propyl chloroformate. A hydrogen atom in the methamphetamine molecule has been replaced by a propyl ester moiety, (b) Nicotine (tertiary amine) does not have any replaceable hydrogen atoms hence, no products were observed. Reproduced with permission from the reference dted, copyright2004 American Chemical Society.

Estimate the pK, values for cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine hydrochlorides. Why are the salts more commonly used for oral administration and the free bases for inhalation ... 

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