Methamphetamine hydrochloride

This work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service grants DA 00869 and DA 04222. The National Institute of Drug Abuse contributed the methamphetamine hydrochloride. MDMA, and MDA, NOVO Industrials is acknowledged for contributing GBR 12909. 

Cook, C.E., Jeffcoat, A.R., Hill, J.M. et al. Pharmacokinetics of methamphetamine self-administered to human subjects by smoking S-(+)-methamphetamine hydrochloride. Drug Metab. Dispos. 21 717, 1993. 

Illicit manufacture of amphetamine and methamphetamine scheduled substances and the approximate quantities of them required for the illicit manufacture of 100 kilograms of amphetamine sulphate and methamphetamine hydrochloride... 

Doses of 5 to 10 mg methamphetamine typically result in blood concentrations between 20 and 60 ng/ml. In one study,10 six healthy adults were orally administered a single dose of 0.125 mg/kg methamphetamine. Peak plasma concentrations were achieved at 3.6 h with a mean concentration of 20 ng/ml. In a second study, Lebish et al.11 observed a peak blood concentration of 30 ng/ml, 1 h after a single oral dose of 10 mg methamphetamine to one subject. In a study by Schepers et al.,12 eight subjects were administered four oral doses of 10 mg methamphetamine hydrochloride as sustained release tablets within 7 days. Three weeks later five subjects received four oral 20-mg doses. After the first dose, methamphetamine was detected in plasma between 0.25 and 2 h the cmax was 14.5 to 33.8 ng/ml (10-mg dose) and 26.2 to 44.3 ng/ml (20-mg) and occurred within 2 to 12 h. Methamphetamine was first detected in oral fluid in this study 0.08 to 2 h post dose, with a cmax of 24.7 to 312.2 and 75.3 to 321.7 ng/ml after the 10- and 20-mg doses, respectively. Peak methamphetamine concentrations in oral fluid occurred at 2 to 12 h and the median oral fluid-plasma concentration ratio was 2.0 for 24 h. In general, the detection window for drug in oral fluid exceeded that in plasma. 

L-Methamphetamine is biotransformed in a similar manner to the D-isomer but at a slower rate. Following a 13.7-mg oral dose, the 24-h urine contained an average of 34% of the dose as L-methamphetamine and 1.7% of the dose as L-amphetamine.3 Oyler et al.13 described the appearance of methamphetamine and amphetamine in urine after volunteers (n = 8) ingested 4 X 10-mg doses of methamphetamine hydrochloride daily for 7 days followed by 4 X 20 mg daily several weeks later. Parent and metabolite were generally detected in the first or second void post dose in a concentration range of 82 to 1827 and 12 to 180 ng/ml, respectively. Peak methamphetamine urine concentrations (1871 to 6004 ng/ml) occurred within 1.5 to 60 h after a single dose. 

Amphetamines such as dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine), amphetamine and dextroamphetamine sulfate combinations (Adderall), and methamphetamine hydrochloride (Desoxyl) are standard therapies in the treatment of ADHD. Although it s not completely understood how it works, when used as part of a comprehensive treatment program, the stimulant can help improve symptoms of poor concentration, hyperactivity, and dis-tractibility for many children with ADHD. Other com-... 

There are several ways to accomplish this synthesis. One approach would follow the example described in eq. 11.13. Reaction of 1-phenyl-2-propanone with methylamine would give an imine. Reduction of the imine would afford methamphetamine, which would give methamphetamine hydrochloride upon reaction with HCI. 

To give methamphetamine hydrochloride the base methamphetamine was treated by eqimolar quantity of hydrochloric acid. 

Methamphetamine is available on the streets and has been identified by names such as chalk and speed. Methamphetamine hydrochloride is a clear chunky crystal resembling ice that can be inhaled by smoking. It is referred to as ice, crystals, and glass. 

Dayrit, F.M., Dumlao, M.C. Impurity profiling of methamphetamine hydrochloride drugs seized in the Phihppines. Forensic Sci. hit. 144, 29-36 (2004)... 

Kishi, T., Res, J. Analysis of trace elements in methamphetamine hydrochloride by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand. 93, 469 71 (1988)... 

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