Metastasis tumor progression

Tumor-educated macrophages. (From Pollard, J.W., Tumor-educated macrophages promote tumor progression and metastasis, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 4, 71-74, 2004. Copyright year 2004, Macmillan Magazines Ltd and the author. Reproduced with permission from Macmillan.)... 

Genetic tagging as a means of studying tumor progression or metastasis-related... 

Albelda, S. M. (1993). Role of integrins and other cell adhesion molecules in tumor progression and metastasis. Lab. Invest. 68, 4-17. 

Nicolson, G. L. and Moustafa, A. S. (1998). Metastasis-associated genes and metastatic tumor progression. In Vivo 12, 579-588. 

Sugarbaker E. V., Thomthwaite J. and Ketcham A. S. (1977). Inhibitory effect of a primary tumor on metastasis In Progress in cancer research and therapy. (SB Day, WPL Myers, P Stansly, S Garratini and MG Lewis., eds.). Raven Press, New York, pp. 227-240. 

Welch, D. R. and Tomasovic, S. P. (1985). Implications of tumor progression on clinical oncology. Clin. Exptl. Metastasis 3, 151-188. 

Because MMPs degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) that separates tumor epithelium from the initially normal stroma, they contribute to the tumor invasion and subsequent metastasis. Consistent with this notion, many clinical studies of colon cancer have shown that expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 correlate with tumor progression [34]. However, attempts to block MMPs directly to prevent tumor progression have failed in the extensive phase III clinical trials. Almost all MMP inhibitors from multiple companies... 

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