Metalliferous minerals mining

Certain minerals may be mined and processed for more than one purpose. For instance, bauxite, on the one hand, can be utilized for making bricks or abrasives and, on the other, is used for the production of aluminum. It is often found that many nonmetallic minerals are associated with metalliferous minerals. As an example mention may be made of galena, the main mineral source of lead, which is found very frequently to be associated with fluorite (CaF2) and barytes (BaS04), both of which are important industrial minerals. 

ORES. Mineral aggregates in which the valuable metalliferous minerals are sufficiently abundant to make the aggregates worth mining. Types and origins of ore deposits arc illustrated in Fig. 1. See also Copper and Iron. 

Ores are metalliferous minerals which can be extracted from their host rocks to yield their metals economically, ie, the costs of mining and extraction must be compared with the revenue from selling the ore concentrates. Ores are therefore localised concentration of metal compounds. These minerals are not usually the parent materials for... 

Johnson M. S. (1995) Environmental management in metalliferous mining the past, present and future. In Mineral Deposits from their Origin to their Environmental Impact (ed. K. Zak). Balkema, pp. 655-658. 

Ore is metalliferous rock that can be mined and processed at a profit. Although a broader definition includes nonmetallic rocks like rock salt and gypsum, most geologists classify these materials as industrial rocks and minerals. 

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the largest environmental problems faced by mining and mineral industries globally (Akcil and Koldas 2006 Akabzaa et al. 2007). AMD is mainly associated with sulphide-rich metalliferous ore deposits, viz., copper, lead, zinc, gold, nickel, tin, and uranium mines (Naicker et al. 2003 Nieto et al. 2007) and coal mines (Bell et al. 2001 Sahoo et al. 2012), which were formed under marine conditions and contain abundant reactive framboidal pyrite (Carrucio and Fern 1974 Campbell etal. 2001). In Table 1, we present a list of well-known AMD sites worldwide. 

International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment. A A Balkema (1389-5265) http //www.balkema.nl (accessed March TI, 2011) is incorporated as part of the larger Taylor Francis Group. The journal examines all aspects of surface mining technology and waste disposal systems relating to coals, oil sands, industrial minerals, and metalliferous deposits. Includes computer applications and automation processes. 

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