Mirrors, metallic

Mercury. Upon heating a mixture of the compound with soda lime in a long test-tube, a bright metallic mirror and, finally, drops of mercury will form in the upper part of the tube if mercury is present. 

Arsine, AsHs, is formed when many As-containing compounds are reduced with nascent hydrogen and its decomposition on a heated glass surface to form a metallic mirror formed the basis of Marsh s test for the element. The low-temperature reduction of AsCls with LiAlH4 in diethyl ether solution gives good yields of the gas as does the dilute acid hydrolysis of many arsenides of electropositive elements (Na, Mg, Zn, etc.). Similar reactions yield stibine, e.g. ... 

In solvent-elimination LC-FTIR, basically three types of substrates and corresponding IR modes can be discerned, namely, powder substrates for diffuse reflectance (DRIFT) detection, metallic mirrors for reflection-absorption (R-A) spectrometry, and IR-transparent windows for transmission measurements [500]. The most favourable solvent-elimination LC-FTIR results have been obtained with IR-transparent deposition substrates that allow straightforward transmission measurements. Analyte morphology and/or transformation should always be taken into consideration during the interpretation of spectra obtained by solvent-elimination LC-FTIR. Dependent on the type of substrate and/or size of the deposited spots, often special optics such as a (diffuse) reflectance unit, a beam condenser or an FITR microscope are used to scan the deposited substances (typical diameter of the FITR beam, 20 pm). 

A variety of organic anion radicals have been prepared in solution and characterized by spectroscopic (ESR and UV-vis) methods. Most often, the anion radicals are formed by reaction of electron-poor molecules with highly reducing alkali metal mirrors (such as sodium, potassium, and lithium) in anhydrous (oxygen-free) ethereal solvents (such as dimethoxyethane, tetrahy-... 

This effect resembles the traditional Casimir effect, which describes the attraction between two parallel metallic mirrors in vacuum. Here, however, the fluctuating (bosonic) electromagnetic fields are replaced by fermionic matter fields. Furthermore, the Casimir energy is inferred from the geometry-dependent part of the density of states, and its sign is not fixed, but oscillates according to the relative arrangement and distances of the cavities. 

FIGURE 6.22 Schematic diagrams of top-emitting polymer OLED with a configuration of (a) glass/ metallic mirror/ITO/PEDOT/Ph-PPV/semitransparent cathode, (b) Al-PET/acrylic layer/metallic mirror/ITO/PEDOT/Ph-PPV/semitransparent cathode, and (c) Al-PET/acrylic layer/metallic mir-ror/anode/Ph-PPY/semitransparent cathode. 

H. Becker, S.E. Burns, N. Tessler, and R.H. Friend, Role of optical properties of metallic mirrors in microcavity structures, J. Appl. Phys., 81 2825-2829, 1997. 

Matveeva EG, Gryczynski I, Barnett A, Leonenko Z, Lakowicz JR, Gryczynski Z (2007) Metal particle-enhanced fluorescent immunoassays on metal mirrors. Anal Biochem 363 239-245... 

To avoid the formation of the metallic mirror and thus the adsorption process, Connor, Skinner, and Virmani used the microcalorimeter to examine the iodination of chromium hexacarbonyl at 514 K ... 

While discussing this subject, it is of interest to note that a recent advance in technique has been to obtain spectra when only one layer of material is adsorbed at a coverage of unity. Francis and Ellison (146) have obtained spectra of layers of metal stearates adsorbed on mirrors, and Pickering and Eckstrom (146a) have studied low molecular weight gases (such as H2 and CO) chemisorbed on metal mirrors. 

This technique was quickly adopted by others and it was soon found by F.O. Rice and co-workers that the pyrolysis of many organic compounds at 800 to 1000°C removed metallic mirrors, implicating the formation of free radicals. The cleavage of larger free radicals into smaller radicals and olefins under these conditions, was also proposed (equation 22), as well as chain reactions in which radicals abstract hydrogen from alkanes. Reactions of alkyl halides with metal atoms in the gas phase were also found by M. Polanyi and co-workers to yield alkyl radicals (equation 23). 

The precipitated metal is a grey-black powder, but when sublimed, polonium is silvery in thick layers [ 0.2 mg (1 curie)/cm2] and a transparent smoked film in thin ones. When the thicker metal mirrors, obtained by vacuum sublimation onto a glass surface, are treated with a little 8 N nitric acid, a part of the metal can be detached from the glass as a thin foil. 

A suspension of Os3(CO)12 (0.304 g, 0.335 mmol) and [Ni(CO)( /5-C5Hs)]2 (0.302 g, 0.994 mmol) in 100 mL of octane is stirred at room temperature for 10 min, under a stream of nitrogen bubbled through the solvent. The suspension is then refluxed for 40 min and allowed to cool under nitrogen. The initial red color turns dark brown and a thin metal mirror is deposited on the walls of the flask. 

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