Mercury halides acidities

Reversible blocking of SH groups can be obtained through the formation of unsymmetrical disulfides with a variety of sulfenyl halides, for example, 4-nitrophenylsulfenyI chloride (177), SS cleavage with trisodium phosphorothioate (178), or protection with mercury compounds such as p-mercury benzoic acid (179). In each case the free SH groups can be regenerated with mercaptans. 

Other Lewis Acids. Several relatively weak Lewis acids such as zinc halides and mercury halides initiate polymerization of the most reactive monomers such as N-vinyl carbazole, vinyl ethers, and alkoxysty-renes. Many of these acids have poor solubility in hydrocarbons and halo-genated hydrocarbons and are therefore used as acetone or ether solutions. However, such solvents act as nucleophiles, and therefore decrease the acids Lewis acidity. 

The compound is a colorless polycrystalline material, decomposition temperature 200°, that is insoluble in all nonpolar organic solvents. It is, however, quickly soluble in water and alcohols, followed by solvolysis. In acidic medium, mercury halides and phosphonium halides are formed in quantitative yields. ... 

It reacts with hydrochloric or hydriodic acids, giving acetic acid, naphthalene, and a mercuric halide four atoms of iodine react giving acetic acid, mercuric iodide, and iodonaphthalene sodium amalgam on the alcoholic solution yields mercury, acetic acid, and naphthalene alcoholic hydrogen sulphide or ammonium sulphide at 100° C. break the compound down into acetic acid, mercuric sulphide, and naphthalene. 

Another common class of dimercury(l) salts is those of the oxo-acids Hg2(YO ,) . Like the mercury halides, Hg2(YO ,) could be prepared by different methods such as metathesis (anion exchange), comproportionation, or treatment of mercury with the corresponding acid. The anions could be either inorganic such as NOj", COj ", HSO, , XOj" (X = C1, Br, 1), N02 , H2P04" [9], or... 

Among other reagents causing fission of tin-carbon bonds are hydrogen halides, mercury halides, bismuth halides, thallium chloride, arsenic halides, phosphorus halides, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, sulphur, sulphur dioxide, sulphuryl chloride and organic acidsis. 

The cyclized analog of meralluride is prepared by a similar synthesis. Thus, condensation of camphoric acid (42) (obtained by oxidation of camphor) with ammonia gives the bicyclic succinimide (44). Reaction with allyl isocyanate followed by ring opening and then reaction with mercuric acetate affords the mercury derivative (45) as the acetate rather than the hydroxide as above. Reaction with sodium chloride converts that acetate to the halide (46). Displacement on mercury with the disodium salt of thioglycollic acid affords the diuretic mercaptomerine (47). ... 

The chemistry of alkynes is dominated by electrophilic addition reactions, similar to those of alkenes. Alkynes react with HBr and HC1 to yield vinylic halides and with Br2 and Cl2 to yield 1,2-dihalides (vicinal dihalides). Alkynes can be hydrated by reaction with aqueous sulfuric acid in the presence of mercury(ll) catalyst. The reaction leads to an intermediate enol that immediately isomerizes to yield a ketone tautomer. Since the addition reaction occurs with Markovnikov regiochemistry, a methyl ketone is produced from a terminal alkyne. Alternatively, hydroboration/oxidation of a terminal alkyne yields an aldehyde. 

R2NC1, 91, 92 phenyl acetate, Fries rearrangement of, 475 phenyacetyl halides, acylation by, 173 2-phenylbenzoic acid, cycliacylation, 185 phenyl ethers, alkylation of, 149 —, bromination of, 130 —, hydrogen exchange with, 260 —, rearrangement of, 476 phenyl ethyl mercury, mercuridemercuration of, 359, 360... 

Hawthorne and co-workers have also produced a series of macrocyclic Lewis acid hosts called mercuracarborands (156, 157, and 158) (Fig. 84) with structures incorporating electron-withdrawing icosahedral carboranes and electrophilic mercury centers. They were synthesized by a kinetic halide ion template effect that afforded tetrameric cycles or cyclic trimers in the presence or absence of halide ion templates, respectively.163 These complexes, which can bind a variety of electron-rich guests, are ideal for catalytic and ion-sensing applications, as well as for the assembly of supramolecular architectures. 

Alkalies, or Halide salts, or Mercury salts and acids Kirk-Othmer, 1960, Suppl. Vol. 2, 45... 

The pure diol may be distilled unchanged, but traces of alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides or halides may cause explosive decomposition during distillation. In presence of strong acids, mercury salts may cause violent decomposition of the diol. 

Nitrogen triiodide a-Nitroguanidine Nitromethane Acids, bromine, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, ozone Complex salts of mercury and silver Acids, alkylmetal halides, hydroxides, hydrocarbons, organic amines, formaldehyde, nitric acid, perchlorates... 

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