Membrane transport signaling

We must realize at this point that the calorimetric technique entirely builds upon the establishment of equilibrium conditions enabling the use and help from equilibrium thermodynamics. Many facets of supramolecular chemistry, however, do not comply with this prerequisite. Molecular recognition, for instance, in particular as a crucial property of all living matter, which exists because of nonequilibrium conditions, must be considered a process that relies on kinetic selechvity and thus per se is not open to an all-encompassing description of the phenomenon using this technique [12]. Similar arguments limit the utility of calorimetry in other vectorial processes like membrane transport, signaling, catalysis or locomotion. Never-... 

PKC is a family of enzymes whose members play central roles in transducing information from external stimuli to cellular responses. Members of this family of serine/ threonine kinases respond to signals that cause lipid hydrolysis. PKC isozymes phosphorylate an abundance of substrates, leading to both short-term cellular responses such as regulation of membrane transport and long-term responses such as memory and learning. 

Transport signals can be of the import or the export type. Import signals are contained in proteins that are transported into the individual compartments of mitochondria (matrix, inner membrane, intramembrane compartment, outer membrane), peroxisomes (lumen, boundary membrane) and into the interior of... 

Membrane Signal Transduction Membrane Transport Protein Menaquinones-n Meniere s Disease Mesangial Cells... 

Kourie, J. I. (2001). Mechanisms of prion-induced modifications in membrane transport properties Implications for signal transduction and neurotoxicity. Chem. Biol. 

Hicke L (1999) Gettin down with ubiquitin turning off cell-surface receptors, transporters and channels. Trends Cell Biol 9 107-12 Hicke L, Riezman H (1996) Ubiquitination of a yeast plasma membrane receptor signals its ligand-stimulated endocytosis. Cell 84 277-287 Hicke L, Zanolari B, Riezman H (1998) Cytoplasmic tail phosphorylation of the a-factor receptor is required for its ubiquitination and internalization. J Cell Biol 141 349-358... 

The MARCKS proteins are a family of proteins that are involved in physiologically important processes such as cell mobility, secretion, membrane transport and in regulation of the cell cycle. All these processes are associated with changes and restructuring of the actin cytoskeleton. The role of converting extracellular signals into changes in the structure of the actin cytoskeleton is attributed to the MARCKS proteins. A... 

In this chapter we first describe the composition of cellular membranes and their chemical architecture— the molecular structures that underlie their biological functions. Next, we consider the remarkable dynamic features of membranes, in which lipids and proteins move relative to each other. Cell adhesion, endocytosis, and the membrane fusion accompanying neurotransmitter secretion illustrate the dynamic role of membrane proteins. We then turn to the protein-mediated passage of solutes across membranes via transporters and ion channels. In later chapters we discuss the role of membranes in signal transduction (Chapters 12 and 23), energy transduction (Chapter 19), lipid synthesis (Chapter 21), and protein synthesis (Chapter 27). 

Caveolin is an integral membrane protein that associates with the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, forcing it to curve inward to form caveolae, probably involved in membrane transport and signaling. 

Smaller peptides may be transported across the BBB either by nonspecific fluid-phase endocytosis or RMT mechanisms. It may also be possible for them to use a peptide-specific transporter protein, directly inserted into the cell membrane in a similar manner to the solute transporters, which flips them across the membrane [43,56]. In some cases the receptor that transduces the signal at the cell membrane may also act as the transporter for the peptide and is co-opted to initiate RMT, or another transport system in other cases the membrane transporter for a peptide may be quite distinct in structure from the receptor that transduces signals at the cell membrane from a signaling peptide [45]. 

Membrane transport macromolecules (E4) Signal transduction (E5) Chromosomes (F2)... 

---