Melamine production

Urea is also used as a protein food supplement for ruminants, in melamine production, and as an ingredient in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals (e.g., barbiturates), synthetic resins, plastics (urethanes), adhesives, coatings, textile antishrink agents, and ion exchange resins. It is an intermediate in the manufacture of ammonium sulfamate, sulfamic acid, and pthalocyanines. 

DSM Expands Melamine Production in Netherlands , European Paint and Resin News, 38 (12)pp. 5, Dec. 2000. 

The swelling of cellulosic fibres by moisture can be reduced by the application of self crosslinking urea or melamine products as well as by products that mainly crosslink with cellulose molecules. Without such a crosslinking finish, cellulose fibres can take up more than 10 % of their weight in water. As the fibres swell, the fabric must crease and shrink to relieve the internal stresses caused by the swelling. 

The furniture, laminate flooring and construction industries are principal users of melamine products. In 1998, Cytec (the 1993 chemicals specialty spin-off from American Cyanamid) in the US began the production of the first formaldehyde-free melamine resins... 

The filtered gas is further cooled in the crystallizer to the desublimation temperature of the melamine product. Cooling is performed using the offgas from the urea scrubber. The melamine forms fine crystals, which are recovered from the process gas in the product-cyclone. Leaving the product-cyclone, the cooled melamine is stored and can be used without further treatment. It has a minimum purity of 99.8%. 

In-mold decoration can be done with either injection molding of thermoplastics or compression molding of thermosets. Thermosetting plastics are decorated with a two-stage process. For melamine products, for example, the mold is loaded with the molding powder in the usual manner and closed. It is opened after a partial cure, and the decorative "foil or overlay is placed in position. 

After the war. Aero Research manufactured ClBA s Araldite and melamine products (licensed by American Cyanamid to CIBA) at Duxford, and in 1948 was taken over by CIBA. " This had been a case of the successful introduction of chemical technology into an enterprise that had no prior experience in chemical manufacture. Through its expertise as user and producer of new-technology resins and adhesives. Aero Research eventually directed all its efforts towards their production. 

The clarity of melamine resins permits products to be fabricated in virtually any color. Finished melamine products exhibit excellent resistance to moisture, greases, oils, and solvents, are tasteless and odorless, are selfextinguishing, resist scratching and marring, and offer excellent electrical properties. 

Nitrogen compounds have been developed for special applications, and halogen-free flameproofing in particular. Melamine products have proven particularly useful. They form inert decomposition (NH3, H2O, CO2, N2) and condensation products under thermal effects. 

Melamine production capacity in Europe is around 360,000 tonnes. DSM had the largest capacity with around 25% in 1999. Agrolinz Melamin, producing in Italy and Austria has expanded from 100,000 tonnes to 130 kt by the end of 2000. This means they have claimed the first spot from DSM. BASF has 65 kt capacity and Atofina around 26,000 tonnes. Most is used for thermoset resins and adhesives, but a significant proportion goes into flame retardants. Further capacity exists in Romania and Poland. 

The two important classes of amino resins are the condensation products of urea and melamine with formaldehyde (Fig. A. 10). The melamine product is known as melamine formaldehyde (ME) or melamine phenoformaldehyde (MPF) the urea product is known as urea formaldehyde (UE). They are generally considered together because of the similarity in their production methods and applications. These resins are also known as aminoplasts. 

Copper Cu Anemia ataxia defective melamine production and keratinization Liver necrosis, e.g. in Wilson s disease hypertension Copper is a component of oxidative enzymes involved in heme synthesis... 

Amine, amide phosphates Urea, Guanylurea, Melamine, Product of reaction of ammonia and phosphoric anhydride. 

Melamine production from urea reactor and internals 450-500°C nitriding... 

Unifix M-09 1 part - water-dispersion modified vinyl polyacetate Laminating melamine products RT - 371... 

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