Medical studies current

Atmospheric particles influence the Earth climate indirectly by affecting cloud properties and precipitation [1,2], The indirect effect of aerosols on climate is currently a major source of uncertainties in the assessment of climate changes. New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric aerosols [3]. While the contribution of secondary particles to total mass of the particulate matter is insignificant, they usually dominate the particle number concentration of atmospheric aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) [4]. Another important detail is that high concentrations of ultrafine particles associated with traffic observed on and near roadways [5-7] lead, according to a number of recent medical studies [8-11] to adverse health effects. 

Systemic administration of drugs in the form of nanoparticulates intravenously has been widely studied. Currently, there are some liposomal anticancer and antifungal medications in clinical use. These products show relative increase in drug bioavailability in the target sites. They are not, however, active targeting systems with recognition ligands on the surface. 

Epidemiologic studies which evaluate the long term effect of exposure on health generally have had a cross-sectional study design, in which the medical assessment of current workers or residents is made at one point in time. In such a design, one major concern is that sick individuals may not be included because they left the workplace or area before the time of the cross-sectional medical study. 

Bidoggia, H., 1987. lsosorbide-5-mononitrate and isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of coronary heart disease a multi-centre study. Current Medical Research and Opinion 10,601-611. 

These studies raise the possibility that, one day, imaging-based treatment protocols may allow for intravenous thrombolysis in patients well outside of the now-accepted 3-hour window, provided they demonstrate substantial diffusion-perfusion mismatch. Such protocols could allow for treatment of a vastly larger number of patients than are currently treated. It has been estimated that only 1-7% of acute stroke patients currently receive thrombolytic medication, and that, in up to 95% of cases, they are ineligible because they present outside of the 3-hour time window. As many as 80% of patients who present 6 hours after stroke onset may demonstrate a significant diffusion-perfusion mismatch. "... 

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