Medical markers

Another way to measure lead in the body is via ZINC (or erythrocyte) protoporphyrin (ZPP or EP). This medical marker is not affected by the rebound effect as is the blood lead level. ZPP is an index of the level of lead or iron deficiency or both, as is EP, discussed in Chapter 4 on diagnosing lead poisoning. This index can be useful in indicating... 

The premarket notification application, 510(k), is reviewed by the FDA scientific staff. This evaluation takes into consideration tumor-associated analytes, test requirements, medical usefulness of the test system for a particular clinical claim, and its application (i.e., monitoring or treatment follow-up). The FDA determines the appropriate performance requirements for each tumor analyte category. The agency s staff considers factors, such as consequences of a false positive or false negative, and the importance or impact of an absolute versus a significant change in the results or values of the tumor marker tests. The performance criteria (parameters) of a particular tumor marker test are compared with those of previously... 

Researchers have developed a multitude of new markers, and it is considered that these new markers will have greater clinical utility than markers of the past. These research studies show that we can expect these markers to bring about a change in therapy of patients or quality of life. As these new markers become available for some of the most common forms of cancer, the clinical laboratories will play an important role in diagnosing and treating malignancies and standardizing marker tests to achieve comparable results that contribute to the patients medical care and quality of life. 

Evans HL New York University Medical Center, New York, NY Behavioral and biochemical markers of human lead exposures (human, rat) National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences... 

Patients with NSTE ACS who are considered to be at low risk (based on TIMI risk score) should have serial biochemical markers obtained. If they are negative, the patient may be admitted to a general medical floor with ECG telemetry monitoring, undergo a noninvasive stress test, or may be discharged. 

Zanger D, Yang BK, Ardans J, Waclawiw MA, Csako G, Wahl LM, Cannon RO III (2000) Divergent effects of hormone therapy on serum markers of inflammation in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease on appropriate medical management. J Am Coll Cardiol 36 1797-1802... 

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