Meconium aspiration syndrome

There are also several examples of natural surfactants and foams in the human body. The understanding of the pulmonary surfactant system, although discovered in 1929, has only been applied clinically since about 1990 for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. Surfactant replacement therapy may also be used in treating other forms of lung disease, such as meconium aspiration syndrome, neonatal pneumonia and congenital diaphragmatic hernia [881]. Lung surfactant, composed of phospholipids and proteins [882,883], is necessary to maintain a low surface tension at the alveolar air-liquid interface. When there is a deficiency of surfac-... 

PPHN is associated with diverse cardiopulmonary disorders, including asphyxia, sepsis, meconium aspiration syndrome, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, respiratory distress syndrome, lung hypoplasia, and others, or can... 

ECMO is considered a standard therapy for the treatment of respiratory failure in neonatal patients (Anderson and Bartlett, 2000). In adult and pediatric patients, it is a treatment of last resort for individuals who would otherwise die despite maximal therapy (Anderson and Bartlett, 2000 Bartlett et al., 2000). Even in neonatal cases, ECMO is a therapy reserved for those patients with severe respiratory compromise and a high risk of death who are failing traditional ventilator-based interventions. Common causes of respiratory failure in the neonatal population that are treatable with ECMO support include pneumonia or sepsis, meconium aspiration syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, persistent fetal circulation, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (Anderson and Bartlett, 2000). Contraindications to ECMO support include root causes that are unresolvable, such as a major birth defect or genetic abnormality, and comorbid conditions such as intracranial hemorrhage or fetal underdevelopment that suggest a poor outcome (Anderson and Bartlett, 2000). Indications for ECMO use in the pediatric and adult populations are not dissimilar from those of the neonate, but... 

Wiswell TE, Bent RC. Meconium staining and the meconium aspiration syndrome unresolved issues. Pediatr Clin North Am 1993 40 955-981. 

Wiswell TE, Tuggle JM, Turner BS. Meconium aspiration syndrome have we made a difference Pediatrics 1990 85 715-721. 

Birth asphyxia Hypothermia Meconium or amniotic fluid aspiration Necrotizing enterocolitis Respiratory distress syndrome Shock Obstetrics Abortion... 

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