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Maximum principal stress

Then, obviously the maximum principal stress is lower than the largest strength. However, 02 is greater than Y, so the lamina must fail under the imposed stresses (perhaps by cracking parallel to the fibers, but not necessarily). The key observation is that strength is a function of orientation of stresses relative to the principal material coordinates of an orthotropic lamina. In contrast, for an isotropic material, strength is independent of material orientation relative to the imposed stresses (the isotropic material has no orientation). [Pg.89]

In order to apply the crack nucleation approach, the mechanical state of the material must be quantified at each point by a suitable parameter. Traditional parameters have included, for example, the maximum principal stress or strain, or the strain energy density. Maximum principal strain and stress reflect that cracks in rubber often initiate on a plane normal to the loading direction. Strain energy density has sometimes been applied as a parameter for crack nucleation due to its connection to fracture mechanics for the case of edge-cracked strips under simple tension loading. ... [Pg.674]

Watanabe (1986, 1989, 1990a,b, 1991) studied the vein pattern, the age of vein-type deposits and the volcanic rocks in southwest Hokkaido and showed that the major veins such as those at the Toyoha and Chitose have been formed at dextral strike-slip movement of an E-W trend, and those veins are situated at the west-southwest extension of the maximum displaced zone within the dextral shear belt along the Kuril arc. Watanabe (1990b) also showed that the veins in the Sapporo-Iwanai district strike E-W and are oblique to the NW-SE volcanic chains which are sub-parallel to the maximum principal stress estimated in southwest Hokkaido during Late Miocene to Holocene and oblique subduction of Pacific Plate was active during the Plio-Pleistocene age. [Pg.212]

Maximum principal stress theory which postulates that a member will fail when one of the principal stresses reaches the failure value in simple tension, or. The failure point in a simple tension is taken as the yield-point stress, or the tensile strength of the material, divided by a suitable factor of safety. [Pg.797]

Uniaxial tensile criteria can lead to gross inaccuracies when applied to situations where combined stresses lead to failure in multiaxial stress fields. Often one assumes that combined stresses have no influence and that the maximum principal stress governs the failure behavior. An improved approach applied to biaxial tension conditions relies upon a pragmatic biaxial correction factor which is applied to uniaxial data,... [Pg.229]

Consider the same unidirectional lamina with the stresses now applied perpendicular to the fiber axis as shown in Fig. 12. The local stress at the fiber matrix interface can be calculated and compared to the nominally applied stress on the whole lamina to give K, the stress concentration factor. The plot of the results of this analysis shows that the interfacial stresses at the point of maximum principal stress can range up to 2.6 times the applied stress depending on the moduli of the constituents and the volume fraction of the reinforcement. For a typical graphite-epoxy composite, with a modulus ratio of 70 and a volume fraction of 70 % the stress concentration factor at the interface is about 2.4. That is, the local stresses at the interface are a factor of 2.4 times greater than the applied stress. [Pg.19]

Contours of maximum principal stress in the first slice (near the gas inlets) and the sixth slice (near the gas outlet) are shown in Figures 5.11 and 5.12 respectively. It can be seen that the stack is partially under compression and partially under tension due to the mismatch in the thermal expansion coefficient of the materials and non-uniform temperature. In each cross-section, the stresses are higher near the top of the stack than near the bottom. Also, the stresses are higher near the gas outlet than near the gas inlets. Maximum tensile and compressive stresses in all the slices are found to be 60 MPa and 57.2 MPa respectively which are in the electrolyte layer of the last slice. The maximum stresses in all the layers are found to be well within the failure limits of their respective materials and hence thermal stress failure is not predicted for this stack. [Pg.151]

The quasi isotropic sample gives the photoelastic contours to be expected of an isotropic material the isochromes follow the lines of maximum principal stress difference in a characteristic pattern see Fig. 5a. [Pg.449]

Maximum principal stress encountered within the hopper Maximum principal stress at free surface... [Pg.3279]

Figure 8.64. Concentration coefficient of the maximum principal stress vs. the highest stress concentration point. Particles types are labeled as in Figure 8.63. [Adapted, by permission, from Mitsui S, Kihara H, Yoshimi S, Okamoto Y, Polym. Engng. Sci., 36, No. 17, 1996, 2241-6.]... Figure 8.64. Concentration coefficient of the maximum principal stress vs. the highest stress concentration point. Particles types are labeled as in Figure 8.63. [Adapted, by permission, from Mitsui S, Kihara H, Yoshimi S, Okamoto Y, Polym. Engng. Sci., 36, No. 17, 1996, 2241-6.]...
Figure 8 Deformation and Maximum Principal Stress Distribution for Bi2Tes Device... Figure 8 Deformation and Maximum Principal Stress Distribution for Bi2Tes Device...
Figure 9 Maximum Principal Stress Distribution in copper Electrode (upper) and copper/ceramic FGM Electrode (lower)... Figure 9 Maximum Principal Stress Distribution in copper Electrode (upper) and copper/ceramic FGM Electrode (lower)...
The maximum principal stress criterion for failure simply states that failure (by yielding or by fracture) would occur when the maximum principal stress reaches a critical value (ie., the material s yield strength, ays, or fracture strength, a/, or tensile strength, aurs)- For a three-dimensional state of stress, given in terms of the Cartesian coordinates x, y, and z in Fig. 2.1 and represented by the left-hand matrix in Eqn. (2.1), a set of principal stresses (see Fig. 2.1) can be readily obtained by transformation ... [Pg.9]


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