Maternal smoking Tobacco smoke/effects

Very many chemicals are recognized teratogens in animals a significantly smaller subset of these is known or suspected to be developmental neurotoxicants in humans. Some of the more significant of the latter group include ethanol, which causes a constellation of effects ranging from fetal alcohol syndrome to alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder maternal smoking of tobacco (fetal tobacco syndrome) excess vitamins A and D heavy metals, particularly... 

It is clear that environmental tobacco smoke exposure has a deleterious effect on asthma control with a 30% increase in frequency of symptoms in preschool children exposed to such pollution [123]. Furthermore, maternal smoking has a significant effect on bronchial hyperresponsiveness and severity of symptoms in children with asthma [124]. 

There is also abundant evidence that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with later criminal arrests and psychiatric hospitalization of offspring.101 Some tobacco effects of... 

No studies of humans have demonstrated inhibition of iodide transport into breast milk of mothers from thiocyanate in diet. In many countries the most important determinant of thiocyanate levels in blood is tobacco smoking, as discussed above, and smoking is associated with similar increases in thiocyanate in blood as may be found from diets with high cyanide content. We therefore investigated the effect of maternal smoking on iodine transfer to the breast-fed neonate. 

Grant, S. G. (2005). Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects of active and passive maternal tobacco smoke exposure on in utero mutagenesis at the HPRT locus. BMC Pediatrics, 001 10.1186/ 1471-2431-5-20. 

Jauniaux, E. Burton, G. J. (2007). Morphological and biological effects of maternal exposure to tobacco smoke on the feto-placental unit. Early Hum. Dev. 83 699—706. 

Beyond the genetic factors, the causes of ADHD are unknown, and very few studies have examined the relationship between ADHD and exposures to environmental chemicals. It is known, however, that maternal prenatal exposures to lead, alcohol, tobacco smoke, and marijuana are known to result in the birth of children with high incidences of ADHD [14-17]. It has also been established that exposure to excessive quantities of phenylalanine either prenatally in utero, as a result of the mother having phenylketonuria (PKU) and fetus not having PKU, or postnatally where the child has PKU, results in the development of ADHD hyperactive and behavioral symptoms [18,19]. The mechanisms for these effects remain unknown, but these reactions to specific agents further demonstrate that environmental exposures may be triggers for ADHD. It is also known that many different chemicals trigger developmental... 

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