Mass designer drugs

Boatto, G., Nieddu, M., Carta, A., Pau, A., Palomba, M., Asproni, B., and Cerri, R. (2005). Determination of amphetamine-derived designer drugs in human urine by SPE extraction and capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry detection.. Chromatogr. B 814, 93—98. 

The objective of all of these devices is to deliver a drug to the body at a rate predetermined by the design of the device and independent of the changing environment of the body. In conventional medications, only the total mass of drug delivered to a patient is controlled. In controlled drug delivery, both the mass and the rate at which the drug is delivered can be controlled, providing three important therapeutic benefits ... 

Peters, F.T., Schaefer, S., Staack, R.F., Kraemer, T., Maurer, H.H. Screening for and validated quantification of amphetamines and of amphetamine- and piperazine-derived designer drugs in human blood plasma by gas chromatography/mass spektrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 38, 659-676 (2003)... 

K.A. Mortier, R. Dams, W.E. Lambert, E.A. De Letter, S. Van Calenbergh, A.P. De Leenheer, Determination of paramethoxyamphetamine and other amphetamine-related designer drugs by LC-sonic spray ionization MS, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 16 (2002) 865. 

FIGURE 10.3 Schematic of typical drug-development timeline overlaid with points of entry and applications of metabonomics technology. Relative availability of bulk drug is indicated by mass designations (mg, g, kg quantities). (Reprinted from Robertson, D.G., Toxicol. Sci., 85, 809, 2005. With permission.)... 

Figure 9.5 Drug release from a cylindrical-reservoir drug delivery system. The cumulative mass of drug released is plotted versus time for cylindrical-reservoir devices with a range of physical characteristics, which are determined principally by the diffusion coefficient for the drug in the polymer and the membrane thickness. In all cases, the overall length of the device, L, and the cross-sectional radius, b, were fixed at 2.7 and 0.5 cm, respectively. In each panel, one of the relevant design parameters was varied (a) hja was varied between 1.2 and 4 with Dj.p = 1x10" and Cl = 20mg/mL (b) Dj.p was varied (for curve A, Dj.p = 5 x 10 cm /s ...

Gratz SR, Gamble BM, Flurer RA. Accurate mass measurement using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for structure elucidation of designer drug analogs of tadalafil, vardenafil and sildenafil in herbal and pharmaceutical matrices. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2006 20 2317-2327. 

MortierKAetal (2002) Determination ofparam-ethoxyamphetamine and other amphetamine-related designer drugs by liquid chromatography/ sonic spray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 16 865-870... 

In addition, specialty libraries for compound classes are available, e.g., the Mass Spectra of Pharmaceuticals and Agrochemicals by Kuhnle, the Maur-er/PflegerAVeber Mass Spectral GC Data of Drugs, Poisons, Pesticides, Pollutants, and their Metabolites or the Mass Spectra of Designer Drugs [88]. 

Quantification was performed in the SIM mode. The concentrations were calculated from the relation of the peak areas to those of the deuterated internal standards. Figure 4 shows mass fragmentograms with the ions m/z 135,162,176, 240, and 254 indicating d5-MDA (IS), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), d5-MDMA (IS), and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in plasma after SPE and HFB derivatization. The method was validated for the most important designer drug MDMA. It was linear from 10 to 500 ng/ml (r = 0.9991) with a recovery of better than 90%, an intraday precision of better than 5%, an interday precision of better than 10%, and a detection limit of 3 ng/ml (S/N 3) [59],... 

Machine learning provides the easiest approach to data mining, and also provides solutions in many fields of chemistry quality control in analytical chemistry [31], interpretation of mass spectra [32], as well prediction of pharmaceutical properties [33, 34] or drug design [35]. 

Mass transfer phenomena exist everywhere in nature and are important in the pharmaceutical sciences. We may think of drug synthesis preformulation studies dosage form design and manufacture and drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Mass transfer plays a significant role in each. Mass transfer is referred to as the movement of molecules caused not only by diffusion but also by convection [1],... 

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