Management of cough

Q15 Which of the following active ingredients is NOT used for the management of cough ... 

Codeine, dextromethorphan and pholcodine are opioid cough suppressants indicated for dry cough. Sedating antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, tend to have an antitussive action as well. Vitamin C is not used in the management of cough but may be used as a prophylaxis against colds. 

Noscapine is invariably employed in the control and management of cough due to bronchial asthma and pulmonary emphysema. It remakably reduces both the frequency and intensity of coughing paroxyms. Besides, it possesses weak bronchodilator actions and stimulates the respiration. It has no analgesie aetivity. 

Pratter MR, Brightfing CE, Boulet LP, Irwin RS (2006) An empiric integrative approach to the management of cough ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 129 222S-231S... 

Irwin RS, Baumann MH, Bolser DC et al (eds) (2006) Diagnosis and management of cough executive summary. Chest 129 1S-23S... 

Morice AH, McGarvey L, Pavord I (2006) Recommendations for the management of cough in adults. Thorax 61(Suppl l) il-i24... 

You are the triage nurse in the emergency department on a cold and windy Saturday afternoon. Two women present to the ED with complaints of cough, runny eyes, headache, and report smelling a foul odor. Ten minutes later, three more people arrive with the same complaint. Five minutes later, eight more patients present to the ED with a similar story. Identify how you would manage this situation. 

While decontamination and supportive therapy are the mainstays of treatment, antidotes to counteract HD vapor, aerosol, or liquid exposures do not exist (Yu et al, 2003). Adult decontamination may include bleach solutions however, this method can cause greater toxicity in children. Soap and water are the preferred agents to use for decontamination in children. Supportive care consists of the management of pulmonary and skin manifestations such as the use of cough suppressants and/or topical silver sulfadiazine for bums (Yu et al, 2003 Sidell et al, 1997 Azizi and Amid, 1990). Pediatric dosage and treatment recommendations for vesicant exposures are displayed in Table 61.5. 

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a respiratory condition characterized by irreversible airway obstruction caused by chronic bronchitis or emphysema. The major symptoms of COPD include chronic cough, increased sputum production, and dyspnea. The vast majority of patients with COPD are those who are current or former heavy smokers. Other risk factors for the development of COPD include occupational exposure (dusts, chemicals) and rare genetic disorders (a -antitrypsin deficiency). The medical management of COPD includes pharmacotherapy (bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics) in combination with interventions to reduce risk factors for disease progression (e.g., smoking cessation). Some patients require long-term administration of supplemental oxygen. 

Hydrocodone bitartrate is an opioid analgesic combination that inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins, binds to opiate receptors in CNS, and peripherally blocks pain impulse generation produces antipyresis by direct action on the hypothalamic heat-regulating center causes cough suppression by direct central action in the medulla and may produce generalized CNS depression. They are indicated in the management of mild to moderate pain. 

Clinical Cough II Therapeutic Treatments and Management of Chronic Cough... 

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