Middle management

FIGURE 12.1 Typical compound management processes supporting HTS. Top (gray area) inventory management. Middle compound dispensing and distribution. Bottom (gray area) HTS activities. 

Top management, middle managers, and supervisors express the company s attitude toward safety by their own actions every day. You cannot turn this commitment on and off It must be consistent. 

Other authors have focused their definitions of a good safety culture on the way in which the management (middle and top managanent) deals with incidents and accidents (Westrum [67], Reason [68]) by insisting on the need for an in-depth analysis some have gone even further by insisting on the sanctions that should be linked to these undesirable events, while pointing out the absolute need to maintain the system s ability to avoid judicial consequences when human error is involved—since this is necessarily involuntary—(concept of just culture [69, 70]). 

At the enterprise level, the executive management responds to the voice of ownership and is primarily concerned with profit, return on capital employed, market share, etc. At the business level, the managers are concerned with products and services and hence respond to the voice of the customer. At the operational level, the middle managers, supervisors, operators, etc. focus on processes that produce products and services and hence respond to the voice of the processes carried out within their own function. 

Until recently, middle and corporate level management have ignored the impact of the maintenance operation on product quality, production costs and more importantly on bottom-line profit. The general opinion has been Maintenance is a necessary evil or Nothing can be done to improve maintenance costs . Perhaps these were true statements ten or twenty years ago. 

Potential mentors are selected from the ranks of female junior and middle management. The mentees were initially those in upper management, but the scheme has been extended to include male managers at middle and junior management level with equally positive results. In the first instance mentoring participation was voluntary, but it is now expected that all eligible male senior level and female junior level managers will take part. 

World Bank (2007) Making the most of scarcity accountability for better water management results in the Middle East and North Africa. MENA development report on water. IBRD 2007,... 

The major technical problem was the inability to define subsurface geohydrologic conditions with the initial data. Expertise in the area of geohydrology was clearly needed. A lack of specific analytical techniques precluded meaningful environmental and risk assessments. Cleanup efforts were complicated because poltiners are not regulated under RCRA but are regulated under state law. In the middle of the cleanup effort, the site became involved in Superfund activities, and to date this involvement has not been clarified. Project management has become very difficult because of the many players and laws involved. As a result, public confidence has been affected. 

Sayles, L. R., Middle managers can rescue business, The New York Times, p. 11, February 14, 1993. 

Tedeschi A, Beltran A, Aragues R (2001) Irrigation management and hydrosalinity balance in a semi-arid area of the middle Ebro river basin (Spain). Agric Water Manage 49 31-50... 

Ollero A (2007) Channel adjustments, floodplain changes and riparian ecosystems of the middle Ebro River assessment and management. Int J Water Resour Dev 23 73-90... 

Fire, explosions and environmental pollution are the most serious "unpredictable" life affecting and business losses having an impact on the hydrocarbon industries today. These issues have essentially existed since the inception of industrial scale petroleum and chemical operations during the middle of the last century. They continue to occur with ever increasing financial impacts. It almost appears that the management of industry is oblivious, or else must be careless, to the potential perils under their command. Although in some circles most accidents can be thought of as non-preventable, all accidents are in fact preventable. 

The supply side of the value chain has been subject to research since the middle of the 20th century. The research field can be structured into logistics management, production management, procurement and sourcing, as well as supply chain management. 

Hartville s upper management is largely unaware of the dissatisfaction of employees. There is evidence that middle management withholds vital information leading to upper management s underestimation of the severity of employee discontent. 

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