Majority band

A continuous source has to be employed to record absorption spectra. Fluorescence is usually excited with mercury vapor lamps in the region of their major bands they radiate more powerfully than do xenon lamps (Fig. 14). 

Several electophoretic methods (SDS-PAGE, native PAGE and lEF) showed that fraction Q2 was almost pure, some faint contaminating protein bands were found (Fig. 9). The major band upon SDS-PAGE was at 42 kDa. lEF indicated an isoelectric point at pH 4.3 for the most prominent band... 

In this section, we will describe some experiments which we have performed using the above-mentioned nano-Raman microscope. Figure 2.6a shows the Raman spectmm of an adenine nanocrystal of height 7 nm and width 30 nm [19]. Several Raman bands are observed as the probe tip is near enough to the sample (AFM operation is made in contact mode). These bands, except the one appearing at 924 cm, are assigned as the vibrational modes, inherent to the adenine molecule, according to the molecular orbital calculation. For examples, two major bands, one at... 

Figure 2.7 (a) Tip-enhanced near-field Raman spectral mapping ofthe adenine nanocrystal at 30 nm intervals, (b) Raman intensity distribution of two major bands at 739 cm and 1328cm. ... 

As shown in Figure 6.6, the raw SH intensity and modulated component were almost identical to what was observed on the TMA-covered surface. A slight bump appeared at 570 cm in addition to the four major bands of lattice vibrations. 

On the other hand, the exposed copolymer yarn containing 4.0 mole percent 4,4 -BPDC still exhibits the normal terephthalate fluorescence (388 nm emission) as the major band in the emission spectrum when excited with 342 nm energy. 

The use of electrochemical transmittance spectroscopy in both the UV-visible and IR regions of the spectrum is elegantly shown by the work of Ranjith et al. (1990) who employed an OTTLE cell to study the reduction of benzoquinone, BQ. The authors were the first to report the UV-visible spectrum of BQ2- and to demonstrate the quantitative aspects of the technique by reporting extinction coefficients for the major bands of BQT and BQ2- in both the UV-visible and IR. 

Raman scattering is one of the most useful and powerful techniques to characterize carbon nanotube samples. Figure 15.17 shows the Raman spectrum of a single SWNT [127]. The spectrum shows four major bands which are labeled RBM, D, G, and G. ... 

The aryl azido derivatives of [32P]NAD+ were employed to site-specifically incorporate photoactivatable ADP-riboses to transducin at Cys-347 by means of pertussis toxin, and the conjugation was followed by irradiation. Photocrosslinking revealed three major bands after irradiation which corresponded to a-y(47 kDa), a-a (83 kDa),and a-a-a (105kDa) subunit contact domains [88]. 

The infrared spectrum of dobutamine hydrochloride in a potassium bromide disk is given in figure 3. Major band assignments are as follows ... 

Then, we calculated the < > values for the transition moments of the major bands of the 11-monolayer LB film of C12AzoC5-Ba by Eq. (2) from the observed absorbance ratios between the transmission and RA spectra. The results are shown in Table 1. The angles (a and P ) of the transition moments of the antisymmetric and symmetric CH2 stretching vibrations are 72° and 70°, and those of the antisymmetric and symmetric COO stretching vibrations are 85° and 29°, respectively. Furthermore, those of the... 

The profiles of major bands were similar when T. harzianum was grown on cell walls of R. solani strains from anastomosis groups AG2 and AG4, but for AG1 the profile was different this may reflect differences in the composition or structure of cell walls between anastomosis groups (28,29). 

Wiscombe and Welch, 1986). Cloud absorption is related to droplet size in a complex way (Stephens and Tsay, 1990) so that errors in droplet size measurements can alter the model-predicted absorption by a cloud. The treatment of absorption due to water vapor is another possibility. As discussed by Crisp (1997), the treatment of water vapor in models is simplified and may not properly reflect, for example, continuum absorptions between major bands in the near-IR. Model calculations suggest that the presence of a thin, saturated layer of water vapor above the clouds, for example, leads to increased absorption by 2-6% (Davies et al., 1984 Podgorny et al., 1998). However, the Crisp calculations indicate that this cannot account for all of the observed excess absorption. 

Catalog of Infrared Spectrograms, Sadtler Research Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA, spectra indexed by name and by major bands. 

The absorption spectrum of [Fe(CN)6]3- includes three major bands. From a consideration of the MO diagram of [FetCN ]3-these bands all correspond to LMCT excitations. Two of the transitions are expected to be to states with Tlu symmetry and one to a state with T2u symmetry (119-121). The exact assignments of the three bands could not be extracted from the absorption spectrum. It was shown that in an MCD spectrum the C term for a T2 ,—>T]u transition will be positive, while a T2g >T2u C term will be negative (108). An MCD spectrum therefore should be able to provide a definitive assignment of the spectrum of [Fe(CN)6]3-... 

The experimental studies of the MCD spectra of porphyrin and TPP complexes (134,137,138) have generally focused on the first two major bands. The first band, the Q band, appears near 2eV and is has low intensity in the absorption spectrum. The second band, the or Soret band, starts at around 3 eV and has greater intensity in the absorption spectrum. Both bands exhibit some fine structure that may indicate that more than one excitation contributes to each band. 

First major band in porphyrin absorption spectrum. 

The spectra of the complexes LmM"+l R, containing a metal-carbon -bond, usually consist of several distinguishable bands the major bands with high extinction coefficients in the UV region are LMCT bands, followed sometimes by bands with mixed characters and the d-d bands in the visible region with low extinction coefficients. The location of the maximum of the LMCT transition is naturally strongly affected by the nature of the substituents R and by the redox potential of the central M(ra + 1) ions. 

Similar compounds may give virtually identical spectra under normal conditions, but fingerprint differences can be detected with an expanded vertical scale or with a very large sample (major bands off scale). For example, pentane and hexane are essentially indistinguishable under normal conditions and can be differentiated only at very high recorder sensitivity. 

Catalog of Infrared Spectrograms. Philadelphia Sadtler Research Laboratories, PA. 19104. Spectra are indexed by name and by the Spec-Finder. The latter is an index that tabulates major bands by wavelength intervals. This allows quick identification of unknown compounds. 

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