Maintenance materials

Avoiding sick building syndrome requires special consideration of building constmction and maintenance material used. Asbestos, organic solvents, paint sprays, dirty filters, moist environment caused by poorly maintained humidifiers, and dirty HVAC machinery have contributed to the deterioration of indoor air quahty. Nonstop quahty maintenance is required at all times. 

A development of interest to the chemical industiy is the tubular precipitator of reinforced-plastic construction (Wanner, Gas Cleaning Plant after T1O2 Rotary Kilns, technical bulletin, Lurgi Corp., Frankfurt, Germany, 1971). Tubes made of polyvinyl chloride plastic are reinforced on the outside with polyester-fiber glass. The use of modern economical materials of construction to replace high-maintenance materials such as lead has been long awaited for corrosive applications. 

Organized material safety data sheet information for the specific process highlighting potential trouble spots for maintenance materials, including materials of construction, lubricants, or packing. 

In the construction of new plants and equipment, the employer is responsible that the equipment is suitable for the process application. Checks and inspections are performed to assure that equipment is installed properly, and consistent with design specifications and the manufacturer s instructions. Maintenance materials, instructions, spare parts and equipment will he available... 

Under this heading are included all the miscellaneous materials required to operate the plant that are not covered under the headings raw materials or maintenance materials. Miscellaneous materials will include ... 

Are the proper maintenance materials (parts, etc.) available Yes. They include spare pigtails for the supply cylinders as well as properly rated rupture discs. Other items must be ordered. 

The process step causes significant additional costs for capacity installation, personnel and/or maintenance (material and utility costs are part of the recipe and are included irrespective of the capacity modeling approach selected) of the equipment and hence an explicit modeling of resource requirements is required in addition to capacity constraints. 

A 70,000 ton/year, 22,000,000 plant was started up in 2001. Since then, it has been operating at capacity for an average of 7200 h/year. It is staffed by 25 full-time production workers ( 32/h), two maintenance workers ( 35/h), and four shift supervisors ( 39/h). All labor rates include payroll and plant overhead. The process consumes 530 kilowatts of electricity ( 0.045/kWh), 50,000 gal/h of water ( 0.15/thousand gal), and 8.75 tons/h of feedstock ( 0.78/lb). Maintenance materials are estimated as equivalent to maintenance labor. Royalties amount to 4.20 per ton of product. The property taxes, insurance, and administrative charges total 5.2% of the total capital investment. Find the direct and indirect annual costs for the plant. 

Determine the direct annual costs. The direct annual costs equal the sum of the costs of production and maintenance labor, maintenance materials, supervisory labor, electricity, water, feedstock, and royalties. Thus ... 

Contractor s support and miscellaneous maintenance materials are usually covered by 7% of total labor costs. 

The variety of foods and drink we take in are converted to body-building or maintenance materials (proteins, fats and carbohydrates and the like), and the waste materials that are of no further use to us are excreted and are recycled by natural processes involving bacteria, plants, etc. 

Maintenance materials Taxes and insurance Others Total ... 

Table 2 indicates labor requirements for sludge drying lagoons. The requirements include periodic removal of solids and minor maintenance requirements, such as dike repair and weed control. No information is available on maintenance material costs. 

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