Maculopapular rash, allergic drug reaction

III) The symptoms correspond to a well-known allergic reaction to the specific drug, e.g., maculopapular rash, allergic contact eczema... 

Adverse effects. The main disadvantage to vancomycin is auditory damage. Tinnitus and deafness may improve if the drug is stopped. Nephrotoxicity and allergic reactions also occur. Rapid i.v. infusion may cause a maculopapular rash possibly due to histamine release (the red person syndrome). 

Allergic skin reactions occur in 1-2% of patients who take nitrofurantoin and comprise about 21% of all adverse reactions to nitrofurantoin (5,71). They often occur with other reactions, such as drug fever, lung, or hver reactions. The lesions can present as pruritus, as macular, maculopapular, or vesicular rashes, urticaria, angioedema, or erjdhema multiforme (72). The frequency of serious cutaneous reactions (erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or toxic epidermal necrolysis) after nitrofurantoin has been estimated to be 7 cases per 100 000 exposed individuals (71). 

Clinically, immediate hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria or even shock have been reported by several authors, usually in patients known to be allergic to penicillins (Kabins et al. 1965 Perkins and Saslaw 1966 Merrill et al. 1966 Rothschild and Doty 1966 Thoburn et al. 1966 Girard 1968 Scholand et al. 1968 Brogard et al. 1969 Levine 1973 Spruill et al. 1974 Velasquez and Gold 1975). Maculopapular rashes (Perkins et al. 1965 Thoburn et al. 1966 Sanders et al. 1974) and drug fever (Sanders et al. 1974) have also been reported. 

Its clinical administration was associated with many adverse reactions (reviewed by Bridges et al. 1957 Schindel 1966). Mild gastrointestinal symptoms were common but rarely necessitated stopping treatment. Drug fever occurred frequently if treatment was given for more than one week. Eosinophilia, moderate reversible leukopenia, and maculopapular rashes have been recorded. Allergic... 

Allergic reactions are rare and usually occur within 8 weeks of initiating therapy. They manifest as maculopapular, erythematous, or pruritic rashes. Drug discontinuation and topical steroids are recommended when they occur. 

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