Macromolecular conjugates

Researchers have accumulated a large body of thermodynamic and kinetic data to assess these effects, and many of these results are included in the tables of reference 101. Qualitatively, one concludes that for small molecule Gd(III) complexes—those of molecular weight<1000 Da—a high relaxivity, measured in mM 1 s 1, will approach an upper limit of 5 mM-1s-1. Some data are collected in Table 7.3. Newer macromolecular conjugate-Gd(III) complex systems, also discussed below, may approach relaxivities five to six times larger per Gd(III) ion. 

Leukemia P388 has also been used as a primary screen to detect the antitumor activity of macromolecular conjugates. For example, Ohya et al. [213] used P388 to determine the antitumor activities of polygalactosamine immobilized 5-fluoruracil, and Zunino et al. [214] of a poly-L-aspartic acid-daunomycin conjugate. 

Muangsiri, W., and Kirsch, L. E. (2006),The protein-binding and drag release properties of macromolecular conjugates containing daptomycin and dextran, Int. J. Pharm., 315(1-2), 30 3. 

The anticipated fate of xenobiotic plant conjugates in mammals is that they will be hydrolyzed at the conjugating bond and processed as phase I metabolites (or possibly as the parent if an alcohol, phenol, carboxylic acid, etc.). Relatively few such studies have been reported to date but the purpose of this chapter is to review the available results and to judge whether or not the expectation is justified and whether or not generalizations may be useful. Macromolecular conjugates (bound residues) are also considered but, in the absence of enough definitive data, only approaches to their study are suggested. 

Drug Delivery. Philadelphia Taylor Francis. ISSN 1071-7544. Covers basic research, development, and application principles of drug delivery and targeting at molecular, cellular, and higher levels. Topics covered include all delivery systems and modes of entry, such as controlled release systems microcapsules, liposomes, vesicles, and macromolecular conjugates antibody targeting and protein/peptide delivery. Peer-reviewed. 

It is difficult to test more exactly the stereochemistry of the different types of endocyclic, enolacetal-forming, /8-elimination processes on the natural, macromolecular, uronate-sugar conjugates. Hence, model compounds have been synthesized on which the alkali-catalyzed, /8-elimination processes could be conducted under well controlled conditions. In addition, the exact determination of certain parameters, such as the conformation of the starting materials used for the experiments and of the reaction products, was much easier than for the macromolecular conjugates. 

Abstract The preparation of macromolecular conjugates of dextran, which could be... 

As outlined by de Weck (1971) in one of his basic contributions to our understanding of drug reactions, the ability of a simple chemical to induce an immune response, and consequently allergic reactions, rests on its ability to form those macromolecular conjugates in vivo or on the presence in the final pharmaceutical preparation of substances with chemical reactivity towards body constituents. For this to occur, it is either necessary that the vitamins possess some intrinsic chemical reactivity, contain some reactive decomposition product or byproduct, or that a reactive species is metabolically created in vivo (the reactive metabolite). 

Macromolecular Conjugated Complexes 171 [ 7C-Conjugated polymer - Metal ]o ... 

To study these proteins further we developed methods for the hydrolysis of lAA-peptides without their extraction from the plant material. This was necessitated also in order to evaluate extraction efficiency. Other macromolecules containing lAA might not be extracted under the particular conditions employed, and without the ability to determine a true value for total lAA the presence of such species was difficult to predict. In addition, we were interested in extending these investigations to other plant tissues and to other species where the solubility of macromolecular conjugates, if present, would be unknown (Fig. 1). Instead of extraction of the tissue followed by hydrolysis of the extracted conjugate, we... 

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