MAch receptors

It is well established that most alkaloids are rather toxic to animals and long lists of LD5o values have been tabulated (e.g., in 5] which document this feature. As can be seen from Table 16, interactions of alkaloids with neuronal signaling and DNA are probably the main cause. From our comparative data (Table 15, Fig. 7) significant correlations can be established between the degree of DNA intercalation, IC50 values of alkaloid binding at a2, serotonin, mACh receptors with bee or vertebrate toxicity (determined earlier in my laboratory 94]. 

Mach RH, Smith CR, Chiiders SR. (1995). Ibogaine possesses a seiective affinity for sigma 2 receptors. Life Sci. 57(4) PL57-62. 

Boldin, M. P., Goncharov, T. M., Goltsev, Y. V., and WaUach, D., 1996, Involvement of MACH, a novel MORTl/FADD-interacting protease, in Fas/APO-1- and TNF receptor induced cell death. Cell 85 803-815. 

A chemical sensor is a device that transforms chemical information into an analytically useful signal. Chemical sensors contain two basic functional units a receptor part and a transducer part. The receptor part is usually a sensitive layer, therefore a well founded knowledge about the mechanism of interaction of the analytes of interest and the selected sensitive layer has to be achieved. Various optical methods have been exploited in chemical sensors to transform the spectral information into useful signals which can be interpreted as chemical information about the analytes [1]. These are either reflectometric or refractometric methods. Optical sensors based on reflectometry are reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) [2] and ellipsometry [3,4], Evanescent field techniques, which are sensitive to changes in the refractive index, open a wide variety of optical detection principles [5] such as surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) [6—8], Mach-Zehnder interferometer [9], Young interferometer [10], grating coupler [11] or resonant mirror [12] devices. All these optical... 

Morgan D, Grant KA, Gage HD, Mach RH, Kaplan JR, Prioleau O, Nader SH, Buchheimer N, Ehrenkaufer RL, Nader MA (2002) Social dominance in monkeys dopamine D2 receptors and cocaine self-administration. Nat Neurosci 5 169-174. 

Seeds of Areca catechu (betel nut) (Palmae) contain the simple jV-methyltetrahydropyridine 3-carboxylic acid (jV-methyl-A -tetrahydronicotinic acid) arecaidine and arecoline (arecai-dine methyl ester) (Section 1, Appendix) that are mACh-R agonists and accordingly parasympathetic stimulants. Betel nut also yields guvacine (A -tetrahydronicotinic acid) that is an anti-epileptic GABA transport inhibitor. Conversely the jV-methyl dihydropyridone derivative ricinine from seeds of Ricinus communis (castor seed) (Euphorbiaceae) is a stimulatory agonist acting at the benzodiazepine site of the GABA(A) receptor. 

Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor (mACh-R) — antagonists Alkaloid Atropine (= d,l-Hyoscamine Tropine ( )-tropate ester) (racemate of hyoscamine)... 

This theory proposed by E. Hering and E. Mach believes the structure of the nervous system may fully explain at least some perceptual constancies as well as depth perception. E. Hering also proposed that there may be visual receptor cells organized into certain functional patterns that provide color sensation. And in fact these functionally patterned receptor cells have been found. 

I. pez, M Wong, S, Kishimoto, I, Dubois, S., Mach, V, Friesen, J GarE>eis, D. L and Beuvo, A. (1995). Salt-resistant hj pertiension in mice lacking the guanylyl cyclase-A receptor for atrial natriuretic peptide, feature 378, 65-68. 

Caspase-8 FLICE, MACH, Mch5 Caspase-3, caspase-4, caspase-6, caspase-7, caspase-9, caspase-10, caspase-13, PARP, Bid Apoptosis (death receptors)... 

There are several ways to account for an association between receptors. For the Trk receptors, SH2-containing proteins serve as adaptor molecules that link to enzymatic functions. For p75 receptors, signalling intermediates used by TNF and Fas receptors, such as FADD and TRADD proteins, downstream effectors, such as caspase-8 and the FLICE/MACH interacting enzyme (Cleveland and Ihle, 1995) may be functional. It remains to be seen whether p75 utilize these adaptor proteins, or other interacting proteins of different specificity. 

Caspase (MACH, FLICE, Mch5) Initiator 3,4,7,9,13, 14 It is directly involved in apoptosis mediated through Fas and TNF receptors. 

Lu, B Kwak, B.R., Gerard, C., Charo, I.F., and Mach, F. (2005) Differential influence of chemokine receptors CCR2 and CXCR3 in development of atherosclerosis in vivo. Circulation, 112, 870-878. 

Marx, N., Mach, F., Sauty, A., Leung, J. H., Sarafi, M. N., Ransohoff, R. M., Libby, P., Plutzky, J., and Luster, A. D. (2000). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y activators inhibit IFN-y-induced expression of the T-cell-active CXC chemokines IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC in human endothelial cells. J. Immunol. 164, 6503-6508. 

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