Lymphocyte plasma cells

Fig. 4. (A and B) Breast tissue from the same patient, posttreatment. Section of the tumor bed posttreatment shows reactive changes consisting of cellular fibrous tissue with numerous vessels (granulation tissue) and infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells and numerous iron-loaded macrophages. No residual carcinoma cells are seen. (A) H E, magnification x200 (B) H E, magnification x400.

These MALT are structurally and functionally divided into two sites - the inductive sites for antigen uptake and processing on the one hand, and the effector sites engaging lymphocytes/plasma cells, granulocytes and mast cells, on the other hand. 

Suppression of immune responses mediated via mononuclear cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells) is used in therapy of ... 

Infiltration by small lymphocytes, plasma cells and other mononuclear cells (= lym-phohistiocytic). 

The immunologic basis of IBD is supported by a number of observations. First is the pathology of the lesions. With Crohn s disease, the bowel waU is infiltrated with lymphocytes, plasma cells, mast cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Similar infiltration has been observed in the mucosal layer of the colon in patients with ulcerative cohtis. Inflammation in IBDs is maintained by an influx of leukocytes from the vascular system into sites of active disease. This influx is promoted by expression of adhesion molecules (such as alpha-4 in-tegrins) on the surface of endothefial cells in the microvasculature in the area of inflammation. Second, many of the systemic manifestations of IBD have an immunologic etiology (e.g., arthritis or uveitis). Finally, IBD is responsive to immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., corticosteroids and azathioprine). 

Roine et a/. (1960) were the first to report myocardial lesions in male rats fed HEAR oil. These workers conducted histological examinations on thyroid, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, aorta, and striated muscle and found lesions only in the myocardium. They described lesions that they felt resembled toxic myocarditis (interstitial edema, with variable numbers of fibroblasts, histiocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils, cloudy swelling, and loss of striation of muscle fibers). Small necrotic foci were also reported. The number of sections examined from each heart or the plane of the sections was not described. Lesions were found in rats receiving 70 calorie % HEAR oil only, and not in rats fed 50 calorie % HEAR oil or less, or in the soybean oil fed controls. The number of rats per treatment was relatively low (5-9) and the duration of the feeding trial relatively short (6-7 weeks). 

The small intestine in nicotinic acid deficiency becomes red, its walls become thickened, and it is covered by grey cyst-like structures which are produced by distension of the crypts of Lieberkiihn. The fluid content of these cysts is the normal secretion of the crypts (Hertzenberg ). The mucosa of the colon may also be infiltrated with various leucocytes, particularly lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophiles (Denton ). 

Non-necrotizing granulomas are the hallmark of sarcoidosis (2,93) (Hg. lOA-D). Histiocytes, epithelioid cells, and multinucleated giant cells comprise the center of the granuloma, surrounded by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and fibroblasts in the... 

The characteristic pathological feature of HP is the presence of poorly formed bronchiolocentric granulomas with an interstitial pneumonitis mostly composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages (80) (Fig. 5A, B). However, in HP provoked by NTM, exuberant non-necrotizing well-formed granulomas are usually found (81). 

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