Lubricating oil, distillation

Silicones Dimethyl sihcone, trialkyl and tetraalkyl silanes Lubricating oils distillation fermentation jam and wine making food processing... 

The lube vacuum pipe still, shown in Figure 2, was developed in the period between the two World Wars. As the name implies, this type of unit was designed to meet the growing demand for heavy lubricating oil distillates. With this unit, it is possible to produce distillates which boil as high as 1050°-1100°F at atmospheric pressure. 

Light oil the products distilled or processed from crude oil up to, but not including, the first lubricating-oil distillate. 

The selection of sulfuric acid for removal of asphaltic materials from residual stocks was logically the first choice, because many refiners had used this acid for treating lubricating oil distillates to improve quality. This method of deasphalting was adopted early. 

Figure 4. Equilibrium Data for Light Lubricating Oil Distillate from California Wax-Free Crude in Aqueous Phenol...

Figure 5, which represents commercial extraction of a California wax-free light lubricating oil distillate, is used to review graphical techniques for studying counter-current multistage extractions. 

Whereas Stratford and his coworkers utilized anhydrous phenol to effect satisfactory solvent treatment of the oils under examination, aqueous phenol (up to 12% water) is necessary for phase separation at 100° to 175° F. when treating California-type low cold test lubricating oil distillates. Such a plant designed and installed by the Standard Oil Co. of California at its Richmond Refinery in 1934 is represented by Figures 9 and 10. 

Figure 15 illustrates such a dosage-yield relationship for a light lubricating oil distillate from California wax-free crude treated in commercial equipment with aqueous phenol (8% water). Figure 16 presents a similar correlation of data for Duosol treatment of California waxy and Arabia residua. 

The viscosity-gravity constant is of particular value in indicating petroleum of a predominantly paraffinic or cyclic composition. The lower the index number, the more paraffinic the stock for example, naphthenic lubricating oil distillates... 

Solvent Extraction of Venezuelan Lubricating Oil Distillate with Furfural... 

Distill the lubricating-oil distillate in a true-boiling-point equipment so that individual fractions of oil are available for tests. 

Elaborate fractionation is not necessary. In the case of lubricating-oil distillation, entrainment may discolor the products and increase treating costs, and poorly fractionated wax distillate or cylinder stock may result in trouble with dewaxing. Some asphalt or feed preparation towers employ only one or two bubble plates in addition to a mist separator (Fig. 7-27). More detail on vacuum-tower construction is presented in Chap. 16. 

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