Lubricants and Mold-Release Agents

As emulsifiers Na and K salts of glycine, lysine and taurine (total < 0.8 %) as well as N-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-amino propane sulfonate and/or N-(2-amino-ethyl)-2-amino ethane sulfonate (total < 5.0%) are recommended. These emulsifiers are incorporated into the macromolecules and therefore can be found only in very small amounts in the finished product. Esters of montanic acid with ethanediol and/or 1,3-butanediol and mixtures of these esters with unesterified montanic acid as well as Ca salts (total <1.5 %) can be used as lubricants and mold release agents. 

A variety of lubricants and mold release agents, such as fatty acid esters and amides, have been suggested as additives to reduce the adhesion of the polymer to metal surfaces. These materials function to increase the polymer lubricity at its point of contact with a surface. In the case of PAS, conventional lubricants alone have not been found significant in reducing the adhesion problems associated with melt spinning operations. 

Chem. Descrip. Amine-functional silicone fluid Uses Internal lubricant and mold release agent for plastics textile lubricant detergent-resist, car polishes rust inhibitor coatings silicone/or-ganic copolymer nthesis Feati es Good heat stability... 

Uses Surfactant emulsifier flotation agent corrosion inhibitor chemical intermediate anticaking agent pigment dispersant cosmetics lubricant and mold release agent for hard mbber textile chems. chemical synthesis antistat antifog water treatment Trade Names Nissan Amine ABT... 

From semi-solid to the higher molecular weight hard waxy white solids, this group of polyethylene glycols finds use as mold lubricants and mold release agents in the rubber industry. Used in preparation of ointments, cosmetic creams and lotions, metal polishes, shoe polishes, abrasives and adhesives. 

There are numerous suppliers of lubricants and mold release agents as a result of the variety of chemistries that perform the function of internal and external lubrication. The suppliers are generally large specialty chemical companies that sell the particular chemistry to a wide variety of end-use applications. The amount of material sold to fimc-tion as a lubricant or mold release agent for plastics is typically small in comparison to each company s total sales. Table 4.19 shows the major global suppliers of lubricants and mold release agents by type. 

TABLE 4.19 Selected Suppliers of Lubricants and Mold Release Agents... 

Table 2.2. Examples of lubricants and mold-release agents... 

There is a considerable overlap in the action of phthalic acid esters. They act in several ways, namely, as plasticizers, lubricants, and mold release agents (5). 

Uses Binder, lubricant, and mold release agent for pharmaceutical tablets anticaking agents, dusting agent, emulsifier, lubricant, release agent, and water repellent in cosmetics... 

Uses Mineral flotation agent corrosion inhibitor pigment dispersant in cosmetics lubricant and mold release agent for hard rubber textile chems. chem. synthesis (e.g. ethoxylalion)... 

Vibrational spectroscopy should be used whenever chemical specificity and selectivity are needed. As an identification tool, IR has no close spectroscopic competitor. Commercial laboratories have thousands of spectra filed on computers, and seek and identify programs have been written to aid in the identification process [5,6]. All of the identification procedures are based on the assumption that the compound is pure, but routine samples are seldom pure. Therefore, it is advisable to ascertain the purity of the sample before spectral analysis is undertaken. For polymer samples, additives such as fillers, antioxidants, lubricants, and mold release agents can generate spectral interferences [7]. However, except for fillers and plasticizers, the process and stabilizer additives generally amount to 1% by weight of total polymer and contribute very little to the total spectrum. 

---