Long-term temperature

The development of sulfate-reducing species that are adapted to low and to high temperatures, respectively, may result in an apparent reduced temperature dependency between winter and summer. This long-term temperature... 

Long-term temperature trend Sea surface temperature Seasonal variability... 

Simple cooling utilizes a cold-water bath. Cold-water baths are used to keep the reaction temperature from 15 to 50 Celsius. In some cases the water bath will have to be quickly drained, and then refilled with cold water in order to maintain the desired reaction temperature. In most cases cold-water baths are used for general long-term temperature control. 

These main tasks, the seasonality, the regional differences, as well as the long-term temperature development, are subject of further detailed investigation. 

The good properties of poly(ester-imide) based varnishes led to patents where this type of product is claimed for use as industrial coatings. Formulated with fluorinated resins, films with good adhesion and low friction coefficients were obtained [227-229]. Good adhesion [230] and good corrosion resistance combined with excellent long term temperature resistance were also claimed [231],... 

For the thermostatting of the light-scattering apparatus, see Section VI.A.l. The resulting long-term temperature stability inside the apparatus is 0.002°C. 

In this process, the matrix polymer is modified by additives to tailor properties such as long-term temperature resistance or mechanical endurance for specific applications. This means development of a material for each specific application, resulting in improved material properties as well as in cost savings with further consequences (Table 13) [12]. 

Polyphenylene sulfide is used in the manufacture of thermoplastic resins, which are marked by high long-term temperature stability (260 °C) and good chemical resistance (Phillips Petroleum, USA Kureha, Japan). 

Johnson K, Geest JV, Kleerebezem R, van Loosdrecht MCM. Short- and long-term temperature effects on aerobic polyhydroxybutyrate producing nfrxed cultures. Water Res 2010 44 1689-700. 

Short term and long term temperature limits summary. 

The other problem concerns the homogeneity of the temperature field inside the thermostat A very accurate temperature controller makes no sense if the temperature is not that constant all over the volume to be thermostatized. To overcome this problem, the heater should cover the whole surface of the containei which should be made of a material with high thermal conductivity (silver or copper). Another possibility is to fill the thermostat with a liquid and to force temperature homogeneity by proper stirring. In this case, any container inside the thermostat is completely surrounded by a medium at constant temperature. Nowadays, it is possible to build thermostats with long-term temperature stability of 1 mK and below. 

The feature of polyimides and other heterocyclic pol3uners are now well-established and used for long term temperature durability in the range of 250 - 350°C. 

Tables 3-12 and 3-13 present tensile strength data on thermally aged composites at 400° F and 500° F. These temperatures exceed those normally used in UL long-term temperature indexing.

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