Lonchocarpus spp

Mixed trimers Catechin-(4 8)-gallocatechin-(4a —> 8)-gallocatechin Lonchocarpus spp. 90 ... 

Chemicals have been used to kill or control pests for centuries. The Chinese used arsenic to control insects, the early Romans used common salt to control weeds and sulfur to control insects. In the 1800s pyrethrin (i.e., compounds present in the flowers of the chrysanthemum, Pyrethrum cineraefolium) was found to have insecticidal properties. The roots of certain Derris plant species, (D. elliptica and Lonchocarpus spp.) were used by the Chinese and by South American natives as a fish poison. The active ingredient, rotenone, was isolated in 1895 and used for insect control. Another material... 

Quassia extracted from Quassia amare Rotenone extraoted from Derris spp. and also Lonchocarpus spp. and Terphrosia spp. 

About 60 isoflavone derivatives that incorporate a prenyl group into the structure are insecticidal and piscicidal (Dewick, 1988 Harbome, 1991). Plants that contain rotenone (121) Derris and Lonchocarpus spp.) have long been used as natural insecticides and piscicides. These compounds are best known from the fabaceous genera Amorpha, Derris, Lonchocarpus, Milletia, Mundulea, and Tephrosia (Dewick, 1988 Harbome, 1991). 

R = H, Rotenone (Derris spp., Tephrosia spp., Lonchocarpus spp., Piscidia erythrina, Neorauta-nenia ficifolia, Pachyrrhizus erosus). 

CA numbering shown. Isol. from Crotalaria burhia, Denis elliptica, D. malaccensis, Lonchocarpus spp., Millettia ferruginea, M. pachycarpa, Mundulea sericea, Piscidia mollis and Tephrosiaspp. (all Leguminosae, Papilionoideae). Cryst. (EtOH). Mp 171°. 

Rotenone and the rotenoids (Figure 2) have long been used as Insecticides and plscicides (fish poisons). By the early 1950 s more than 7 million pounds of Legumlnosae roots (Perris, Lonchocarpus, and Tephrosia spp.) containing these insecticides were imported annually into the United States. In 1972, about 1.5 million pounds of the roots were used in the United States for pest control in the home and garden markets and to control ectoparasites on animals (10). 

Hyacinthus orientalis (Hyacinthaceae) [bulb] Angylocalyx pynaertii, A. spp., Lonchocarpus sericeus,... 

Deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ) (15) Lonchocarpus sericeus (Leguminosae) seeds/leaves [25] Angylocalyx spp. (Leguminosae) seeds/leaves/bark [8] Omphalea diandra (Euphorbiaceae) leaves [26] Streptomyces lavandulae GC-148 [27]... 

DNJ - deoxynojirimycin, first shown as microbial metabolite, was found in roots of Moms spp (Moraceae) (77). It is clear that this compoimd can be seen as an azapyranose analog of glucose. The respective mannose analog DMJ -deoxymannojirimycin, has been isolated from seeds of the tropical legume Lonchocarpus sericeus 12). DNJ and DMJ are inhibitors of a-glucosidase and mannosidase respectively. 

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