Logical relationships

The Boolean search operators are used to specify Logical relationships among the terms being searched. 

The overall frequency of the top event is calculated by combining together the constituent probabilities and frequencies of the various events in the fault tree using the appropriate logical relationships described by the AND and OR gates (the detailed calculation is given in CCPS, 1989b). 

Conditional statements—Change the sequence in which instructions are executed depending upon the logical relationship(s) between variables and/ or between variable(s) and set value(s). 

FTA is a deductive method that uses Boolean logic symbols (i.e., AND gates, OR gates) to break down the causes of the top event into basic equipment failures and human errors. The analysts begin with the top event and identify the causes and the logical relationships between the causes and the top event. Each of the causes, called intermediate events, is examined in the same manner until the basic causes for every intermediate event have been identified. 

The AVhy Tree provides a simple method for depicting the logical relationship between causes and effects of an incident.hs) The process starts hy displaying all direct losses and associated consequences in separate boxes. A drill down question that asks why challenges each box. Plausible explanations are entered into new boxes attached by straight lines to the subject or receptor box above. Ultimately, the page will fill up with several boxes attached by straight lines. 

C) The logical relationships between inlet flow rates and binary variables. 

As you saw in the pretest, there are four kinds of Verbal section questions analogies, antonyms, sentence completions, and reading comprehension questions. These questions are designed to test your comprehension of the logical relationships between words, as well as your ability to understand and think critically about complex written material. 

The logical relationship embedded in each antonym question is one of opposition. In each case, you are looking for the answer choice that is most nearly opposite the initial word. If you remember this simple principle and apply your vocabulary skills to decipher unfamiliar words, you will still do well on the antonym questions. 

The second vitally important skill you must master for sentence completion questions is the ability to identify key words and phrases—words that most help you decode the sentence. Think of them as clues to a mystery. Among the most useful of these are the words that enable you to identify the logical relationship between the complete unit(s) of the sentence and the incomplete unit(s). As in the preceding example, sometimes you have to complete one portion of a two-blank sentence before you can work on the logical relationship of another unit. There are three types of logical relationships commonly expressed in sentence completion questions contrast, comparison, and cause and effect relationships. These three relationships will help you decipher the sentence completion questions. 

A third kind of logical relationship often expressed in sentence completion questions is the cause and effect relationship. In other words, the sentence states that one thing is a result of something else. Again, key words will point you in the right direction. Words such as thus, therefore, consequently, and because and phrases such as due to, as a result, and leads to signal cause and effect. Try making some cause and effect sentences to see how they work. 

The logical relationship embedded in each antonym question is one of opposition. 

Sentence completion questions test your understanding of logical relationships. 

Sometimes, you have to complete one portion of a two-blank sentence before you can work on the logical relationship of another unit. 

Signal words and phrases help you identify the logical relationship between the complete unit(s) of the sentence and the incomplete unit(s). 

There are three types of logical relationships common to sentence completion questions contrast, comparison, and cause and effect. 

Words that signal a logical relationship of contrast are words such as though, although, however, despite, but, and yet. 

A third kind of logical relationship often expressed in sentence completion questions is cause and effect, in which one thing is a result of something else. 

For the meaningful deviations identified by the procedure described above, the possible causes for triggering the deviation are systematically searched. As an example, possible causes for no flow may be an empty feed tank, a closed valve, an inadvertently open valve to another direction, a pump failure, a leak, and so on. In this context, it may be useful to indicate the logical relationship between the causes, such as where simultaneous failure of several elements is required in order to trigger the deviation. This is of great help for the assessment of the probability of occurrence. 

One of the favorite issues in Improving Sentences questions is coordination and subordination, because it tests your ability to see logical relationships between ideas. To tackle these questions, you need to determine how the ideas in the clauses work together. Is one idea in addition to the other In contrast Is there a progression in time or sequence How exactly does one idea relate to the other Here s an example ... 

The differences among the previously distinct classical condensation reactions of carbonyl compounds have actually been eliminated by new and excellent methods developed to generate selectively a variety of stable enolates. In fact, the use of authors names to identify these reactions (except to serve as an acknowledgement of our deep respect to the outstanding achievements of the classics of organic chemistry) may only obscure the logical relationships among various carbonyl condensations. 

A modifying—or descriptive—phrase must have a logical relationship to some specific words in the sentence. When those words are omitted, the phrase dangles without anything to modify. Dangling modifiers frequently occur at the beginnings of sentences and often may be corrected by adding the proper subjects to the main clauses. 

Hoelzer, G., Pepper, J. and Smith, E. On the logical relationship between natural selection and self-organization. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 19 (2006), 1785-94. 

Let us think abont how we can make a first hypothetical approach to what an expert system wonld constitnte. A standard model in the science of knowledge management is the knowledge pyramid, which basically describes the quantitative and logical relationship among data, information, knowledge, and action (please also refer to Fignre 2.1). 

Overlaps all the possible mathematical or logical relationships between sets,... 

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