Logic operations

CPU (central processing unit) the part of a computer that does mathematical and logical operations. 

Thus, the conversion from a logical representation to a probability representation follows naturally from superposition and the von Misesian definition of probability. Simply replace tlie component identifier by its failure probability and combine probabilities according to the logical operations. 

IF(e)st—Logical if, where e is a logical expression (see Table 1-26 for relational and logical operators) and st is any executable statement except DO, IF, ELSEIF, ENDIF, or END. For example,... 

A) Logical universality. When is a class of automata logically universal, i.e. able to perform all those logical operations that are all performable with finite (but arbitrarily extensive) means Also, with what additional - variable, but in the essential respects standard - attachments is a single automaton logically universal ... 

Von Neumann s machine is actually an example of a universal constructor. It must not only carry out logical operations (i.e. act as a universal computer), but must also be able to identify and manipulate various components. The universal constructor C must be able to both (1) construct the machine whose blueprint appears in symbolic form on its input tape and (2) attach a copy of that same blueprint to the machine once it is constructed. Self-reproduction is the special case where C s input tape actually contains the blueprint data for C itself. Alas, there are a few subtleties. 

Any computation, whether performed by a slide rule, computer work station or brain, is inherently a physical process, and as such is therefore subject to whatever laws and limitations apply to physical systems in general. It is a natural question to ask, then, whether there exists a fundamental therniodynamic limit to computation i.e, whether there is a rniiiimuin amount of energy that is required to perform a given logical operation ... 

Although such a fragment-based measure clearly provides a very simple picture of the similarity relationships between pairs of structures, it is both efficient (because it involves just the application of logical operations to pairs of bit-strings) and effective (in that it is able to bring together molecules that are judged by chemists to be structurally similar to each other) in operation. 

Nevertheless, SET devices, as they can build up with chemically tailored building blocks, control the motion of just a few electrons instead of several hundred or thousand ones. Since power consumption is roughly proportional to the number of electrons transferred from a voltage source to the ground in logic operations, SET devices may reduce the power consumption drastically [85]. 

Table 10. Output excerpt from a compound name search in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database showing independent occurrences of the search string solvent as a result of logical operations cross-referenced with different possible combinations of other denominations. (The final figure seems to be a pessimistic estimate)...

The primitive functions These comprise the various mathematical and logical operations that the program may need. They will usually include mathematical functions such as + -, /, and, logical functions, programming constructs, such as loops, and possibly other mathematical functions, such as trigonometric, exponential, and power functions. 

Although the ES can be constructed using rules with only one action and one condition, rules need not be restricted to a single condition or action. They may contain several parts joined by logical operators, such as AND, OR, and NOT, so that the conclusions depend on more than one premise or test. 

Logical operations ideal for development of strategies and decision-making processes concerning alternative reactions and pathways. 

Now we step towards logic operations, which require more than one input The AND operation has a significance that stretches beyond electronics or chemistry. It is the AND logic operation among... 

Logic gates are devices that can perform basic logic operations, depending on the nature of the input and output signals. The relation between the inputs and outputs is summarised in the truth table of the logic gate. 

A host of gadgets and software are available to perform a variety of computations and logical operations with control signals. For example, adders, multipliers, dividers, low selectors, high selectors, high limiters, low limiters, and square-root extractors can all be implemented in both analog and computer systems. They are widely used in ratio control, in computed variable control, in feedforward control, and in override control. These will be discussed in the next chapter. 

Input map layers into Fuzzy Logic Operators include lithologies and hydrothermal alteration plus their ranges of influence (buffer zone), lineament density maps and multiplicative geochemical maps. Input map layers are explained in the following sections. 

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