Lock spray

Gao, J. He, L. Chu, M. Mierzwa, R. Mahesh, P. Optimizing Mass Measurement for Natural Product Fraction Library Via the Lock Spray Source Interfaced... 

Lock mass reference leucine enkephalin infused with a lock-spray of 5 pL/min. 

In some cases in which it is desirable to cool the product before removal to the outside atmosphere, the discharge end of the cyhnder is provided with an additional extension, the exterior of which is water-spray-cooled. In cocurrent-flow calciners, hot gases from the interior of the heated portion of the cylinder are withdrawn through a special extraction tube. This tube extends centrally through the cooled section to prevent flow of gas near the cooled-shell surfaces and possible condensation. Frequently a separate cooler is used, isolated from the calciner by an air lock. 

F, produced by natural gas combustion in air, are used to heat the beans in a perforated steel rotating drum. Relatively small quantities at a time are heated for a total of only 5 min. When the beans have reached the selected internal temperature and corresponding color, they have already been moved through the oven to a heat lock. At this point they are released and rapidly cooled, with a fine water spray or air draft, so that further pyrolytic changes in the bean are prevented. 

In tandem MS mode, because the product ions are recorded with the same TOF mass analyzers as in full scan mode, the same high resolution and mass accuracy is obtained. Isolation of the precursor ion can be performed either at unit mass resolution or at 2-3 m/z units for multiply charged ions. Accurate mass measurements of the elemental composition of product ions greatly facilitate spectra interpretation and the main applications are peptide analysis and metabolite identification using electrospray iomzation [68]. In TOF mass analyzers accurate mass determination can be affected by various parameters such as (i) ion intensities, (ii) room temperature or (iii) detector dead time. Interestingly, the mass spectrum can be recalibrated post-acquisition using the mass of a known ion (lock mass). The lock mass can be a cluster ion in full scan mode or the residual precursor ion in the product ion mode. For LC-MS analysis a dual spray (LockSpray) source has been described, which allows the continuous introduction of a reference analyte into the mass spectrometer for improved accurate mass measurements [69]. The versatile precursor ion scan, another specific feature of the triple quadrupole, is maintained in the QqTOF instrument. However, in pre-... 

Figure 6.14 Four-compartment cell for controlled-potential electrolysis and coulo-metric titrations. Two central bridge compartments can be emptied to sample compartment by application of nitrogen pressure and refilled by vacuum 1, polyethylene top 2, lock ring 3, combination glass-calomel electrode 4, N2 inlet tube 5, N2 outlet tube 6, Pt gauze electrode 7, cell rinse assembly 8, polyethylene spray shield 9, 0.1 M KC1 in 3% agar gel 10, Ag anode.

Particles of polypropylene are continuously formed at low pressure in the reactor (1) in the presence of catalyst. Evaporated monomer is partially condensed and recycled. The liquid monomer with fresh propylene is sprayed onto the stirred powder bed to provide evaporative cooling. The powder is passed through a gas-lock system (2) to a second reactor (3). This acts in a similar manner to the first, except that ethylene as well as propylene is fed to the system for impact co-polymer production. The horizontal reactor makes the powder residence time distribution approach that of plug-flow. The stirred bed is well suited to handling some high ethylene co-polymers that may not flow or fluidize well. 

Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. IF INHALED Remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Specific treatment (see. .. on this label). .. reference to supplemental first aid instruction if immediate specific measures are required. Store locked up. Store container tightly closed in well-ventilated place - if product is as volatile as to generate hazardous atmosphere. ... 

Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if exposed or you feel unwell. Store locked up. Dispose of contents/container to.... .. (in accordance with local/regional/national/intemational regulation). 

Liquid bridges occur when a liquid is sprayed to wet the surface of the particles, then they colhde with other particles and the hquid connects the particles. Molecular, electrical, or magnetic forces between particles is another binding mechanism. Interlocking occurs when irregular-shaped particles collide and lock together. A matrix binder has particles that are imbedded in a continuous matrix of the binder. 

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