Local residual

This is the motion of short sections of main chains which seems to be virtually independent of the free volume (density) of polymers. Such a local residual mobility is the only possible cause of secondary relaxations of polymers without side chains12. It manifests... 

Crack Deflection. Crack deflection can result when particles transform ahead of a propagating crack. The crack can be deflected by7 the localized residual stress field which develops as a result of phase transformation. The force is effectively reduced on the deflected portion of the propagating crack resulting in toughening of the part. 

Next, pick a bottoms product, B. that lies on this straight line above the inflection point. The pinch point curve emanating from B will move to the left initially because of the curvature of the local residue curves. It will move left until it encounters point a which, by construction, is a pinch point for B. It cannot cross this residue curve, however, because any residue curve an infinitesimal bit to its left can have no pinch point with B. On the other hand, a curve just to the right will have two pinch points with B, one just before a and one just after. The pinch point trajectory thus reflects off this residue curve. After encountering point a, it heads to the lower right and ultimately to the chloroform node. 

Time resolved anisotropy decay performed at different temperatures, reveals the presence of two rotational correlation times, one Op, corresponding to the global rotation of the protein and the second Oa, a shorter one, reveals the presence of local residual motions around and / or near the two tryptophan residues. Oa is an apparent rotational time that is a mathematical combination of the global rotation of the protein and the segmental motion of the fluorophore. 

Due to financial constraints and inadequate facilities in the region, member countries are initiating regional collaborations in the generation of residue trial data using an internationally accepted protocol. As a result, some member countries agreed to submit local residue trial data for the establishment of AS E AN MRLs, of which details follow ... 

The localized residual stress field stabilizes crack growth prior to the final unstable failure. This contrasts strongly with the type of crack growth envisioned by Griffith (1920), in which the crack size does not change until the final unstable fracture. It has, however, strong similarities with the stable crack growth observed by Obreimoff (1930) (Section 8.3). 

The strength of the grain boundary is connected with two different mechanisms local residual stresses [92,101] and special chemical interactions between the grain-boundary phase and the silicon nitride grains [93,94]. 

Z. Li, S. Raychaudhuri, A.J. Wand, Insights into local residual entropy of proteins provided by NMR relaxlation. Protein Sci. 5 (1996) 2647—2650. 

This process uses a beam of high-energy electrons from a device called an accelerator to initiate resin cure in place of the usual autoclave that applies heat and pressure. EB curing is suitable for composite parts as thick as 5 cm. Parts are cured by spraying these electrons onto the composite part. The cure is controlled through the application rate of the electrons and the total number of electrons or dose applied to the part. It is conducted at room temperature so that normal thermal stresses associated with heat curing are minimized across the part however, local residual stresses are induced due to the localized curing that occurs only within the exposure area. 

Local Residual Dipolar Couplings by WISE-MAS Experiments. For elastomers and rubbery-like materials well above the glass-transition temperature Tg, the high molecular mobility reduces the dipolar couplings dramatically. The WISE experiment allows one to investigate site-selectively residual dipolar interactions and thus molecular dynamics by editing the corresponding proton slices of the 2D data set. 

There is no consistent explanation for the generation of these features at particular values of. Nevertheless, the fact that a value of ATj can be inferred from a measurement of Rj is useful in analyzing failure. Mecholsky and Freiman have shown how to use these features to quantify the stress state in the part, including localized residual stresses, to determine whether subcritical crack growth occurred, and to quantify the severity of the flaw. 

Villanova J, Sicardy O, Fortunier R, Micha JS, Bleuet P (2010) Determination of global and local residual stresses in SOFC by X-ray diffraction. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res Sect B 268(3 ) 282-286... 

A second way of establishing the influence of local residual stresses and deformations is based on the selection of the impressions that did not reveal any cracks at all. This was the case for indentations at low loads using both a diamond cone and a corundum needle. Figure 7.48 shows the maximal crack length (developed by a light exposure to HE solutions) as a function of the load applied... 

We first introduce the so-called local residual of the method ... 

Sometimes one considers the local residual per unit step l x,tn, h)/h. 

Prom this formula we see how the global error of a multistep method is built up. There is in every step a (local) contribution M , which is of the size of the local residual. Therefore, a main task is to control the integration in such a way that this contribution is kept small. The effect of these local residuals on the global error is influenced by n h)- The local effects can be damped or amplified depending on the properties of the propagation matrix n( )- This leads to the discussion of the stability properties of the method and its relation to the stability of the problem. 

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