Lobsters

Loaded adsorbents Loadstone Lobelia Loblolly pine Lobster... 

Last years the concern of the scientists and contributors to chitin, chitosan and chitincontaining connections has increased. It is connected to their widespread occurrence in the nature, paiticulai properties, and also feasibility in many areas of a national economy. The raw sources for obtaining chitincontaining of products are the testas of crabs, lobsters, shrimps, and also cabbage-weeds, funguses. 

Another potential histopathological biomarker of endocrine disruption is the development of ovotestes in the lobster Homarus americanusf... 

The preparation of glucosamine hydrochloride from lobster shells and crab shells by essentially this method has been reported by Irvine, McNicoll, and Hynd and Hudson and Dale. Other methods involving the use of cicad larvae shells and shrimp shells ls also have been reported. 

Hummer, m. lobster, humds. a. humous, humpeln, v.i. hobble. 

Languste,/. spiny lobster (Palinurus vulgaris). langweilen, v.t. tire, bore. 

See-hdhe, /. height above sea level, -hund, m. seal, -hundsdl, n., -hundstran, m. seal oil. -kabei, n. submarine cable, -kohl, m. sea kale, -krebs, m. lobster. 

An excellent case in point is the coloration of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. The pigment associated with the typical greenish-brown outer layer of the lobster shell is the carotenoid, astaxanthin (Figure A), an oxygenated derivative of p-carotene, also known as the molecule that imparts the orange color to carrots. 

Cu2+, Cu+ 100 mg 2 mg Iron metabolism, component of enzymes Lobster, cherries, chocolate... 

Chelant from Chela, the claw of a crab, lobster, or scorpion, and, in this context, meaning to hold apart). 

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used as a pH buffer (a substance that maintains a particular acidity level), and as a dough conditioner in soy-based meat alternatives. It promotes binding of proteins to water, binding the soy particles together, and is used for the same purpose in chicken nuggets and imitation crab and lobster products. 

A contrasting picture is seen for chitosans. Chitosans—as considered in detail in the following Chapter—are derivatives of chitin (after an alkali extraction procedure) and are available in large quantities from the shells of crabs, lobsters and other crustaceans. Pure chitin is poly-N-acetylglucoasmine. The N-acetyl groups are de-acetylated in chitosan to an extent represented by ei-... 

Most aquatic invertebrates have very little capacity for metabolism this is particularly true of mollusks. Crustaceans (e.g., crabs and lobsters) appear to have greater metabolic capability than mollusks (see Livingstone and Stegeman 1998 Walker and Livingstone 1992). 

Venom from the globiferous pedicellariae of sea urchins is lethal to mice, rabbits, crabs, lobsters, and worms 70). Seasonal changes in toxicity of such toxins 71) have been observed. The LD q estimate (mice) for toxic fractions from the urchin Tripneustes gratilla ranged from 0.05-0.5 mg/kg 70). 

Glucose molecules can link together into chains, with each ring tethered to the next by a bridging oxygen atom. In one form, this is cellulose, the stiff material that gives the stalks of plants and the trunks of trees their structural strength. Chitin, a variation on cellulose, is an even stiffen material that forms the exoskeletons of crustaceans such as crabs and lobsters. 

Carotenoids are also present in animal products such as eggs, lobsters, greyflsh, and various types of hsh. In higher plants, they occur in photosynthetic tissues and choloroplasts where their color is masked by that of the more predominant green chlorophyll. The best known are P-carotene and lycopene but others are also used as food colorants a-carotene, y-carotene, bixin, norbixin, capsanthin, lycopene, and P-apo-8 -carotenal, the ethyl ester of P-apo-8-carotenic acid. These are Upid-soluble compounds, but the chemical industry manufactures water-dispersible preparations by formulating coUoid suspensions by emulsifying the carotenoids or by dispersing them in appropriate colloids. ... 

Both chlorophylls and carotenoids occur in all green leaves, but their color is masked by chlorophyll in photosynthetic tissues. When the chlorophylls break down as leaves senesce (mature), the yellow and orange carotenoids persist and the leaves turn yellow. Carotenoids are responsible for the colors of familiar animals such as lobsters, flamingos, and fish. Often people are unaware of the chemical nature of food colorants. ... 

SERCA la denotes the Ca -ATPase of adult fast-twitch skeletal muscle with glycine at its C-terminus in the rabbit [53,58], and alanine at the C-terminus in the chicken [59,60]. The C-terminus of the lobster enzyme is apparently blocked [59]. 

Zhu, Z., Petering, D.H. and Shaw, C.F. Ill (1995) Electrostatic Influences on the Kinetics of the Reactions of Lobster Metallothioneins with the Electrophilic Disulfides 2,2 -Difhiodipyridine (PySSPy) and 5,5 -Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (ESSE). Inorganic Chemistry, 34, 4477-4483. 

---