Liquid oral preparations

Elixir are liquid, oral preparation of potent or nauseous medicaments, which are pleasantly flavoured and coloured with suitable agents. 

Linctus are viscous, liquid oral preparation containing high proportions of syrup (sugar) and glycerin (for viscosity and its sweet nature) which produce a demulcent affect on the mucous membrane of the throat. 

Mixture are liquid oral preparation, where the medicaments are in solution or suspension form. Mixture are generally not formulated for a long life and prepared freshly. 

Paediatric drops are liquid oral preparation of small dose giving by a calibrated dropper intended for paediatric use. 

S5 ps are the liquid oral preparation made in concentrated sugar solution, mainly for paediatric use and for drugs which are unpleasant in taste. 

Liquid oral preparations are usually contained in PET or PETG containers. PETG has a different polymeric composition than PET as discussed under Types of Packaging Materials. Physical characteristics are listed in the USP and 21 C.F.R. specifies their composition. Identification of PET and PETG shows that these plastics are distinct and distinguishable from one another by IR spectrum, but the two compounds are similar as evaluated by thermal analysis.f " This type of plastic should be tested for colorant extraction as previously discussed. " ... 

Lead Optimization in Pharmaceutical Development Molecular and Oellular Approaches / 2192 Lens Oare Products / 2202 Liquid Oral Preparations / 2218 Lozenges / 2231... 

A rapid, simple, and specific TLC method has been developed for the estimation of panthenol and pantothenic acid in pharmaceutical preparations containing other vitamins, amino acids, symps, enzymes, etc. " The vitamin was extracted with ethanol (from tablets and capsules) or benzyl alcohol (from liquid oral preparations) and isolated from other ingredients by TLC on silica gel 60 plates with 2-propanol-water (85 15 vol/vol) as a solvent. p-Alanine (panthothenate) or p-alanol (panthenol) was liberated by heating for 20 min at 160°C. The liberated amines were visualized with the ninhydrin reaction and estimated by spectrodensitometry at 490 nm. Recoveries for panthenol and pantothenic acid were 99.8 2.25% and 100.2 1.7%, respectively. 

It is tasteless, unlike its parent compound, hence it is more suitable for liquid oral preparations. 

If minor amounts are to be used of an excipient, such as an essence or an essential oil in liquid oral preparations, the required weight should be known as well, regardless of the fact that a limited variation in quantity has no essential influence on product quality. A pharmacist can convert the weight into droplets if such small quantities of the product are prepared that weighing is not practical. In such cases the... 

In Germany and other countries topical gels contain 1% aescin ampoules containing 5.1 mg sodium aescinate (equivalent to 5 mg aescin) sugar-coated tablets and liquid oral preparations are available. Topical products are available in Canada. No horse chestnut or aescin-containing drug formulations are... 

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