Liquid coating systems

M. Johansson, T. Glauser, A. Jansson, A. Hult, E. Malmstrom and H. Claesson, Design of coating resins by changing the macromolecular architecture Solid and liquid coating systems . Prog Org Coat, 2003,48,194-200. 

Silica-supported platinum catalysts with a thin film of [C4dmim][OTf] (l-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate) were investigated by the Lercher group, with a focus on the interactions between ionic liquid, support and platinum particles [83]. The interaction of silica and the ionic liquid occurs via hydrogen bonds. Platinum clusters modify the electron density of the ionic liquid, which changes the polarity of the ionic liquid within certain levels. The ionic liquid protects the platinum cluster from oxidation, as the platinum particles in ionic liquid-coated systems are in the zero oxidation state. SCILL-catalysed ethene hydrogenation showed that the interaction of the ionic liquid with the platinum surface is weaker than the interaction of ethene and the platinum surface. 

As the main disadvantage of liquid membrane systems is the instability over a longer period of time, another approach would be to perform separation through a solid membrane [22]. Enantioselective polymer membranes typically consist of a nonse-lective porous support coated with a thin layer of an enantioselective polymer. This... 

Linear polyurethanes, 26 Linear step-growth polymerizations, 13 Lipase-catalyzed polyesterifications, 83 Lipases, 82, 84 catalytic site of, 84 Liquefied MDIs, 211, 226-227 Liquid carbon dioxide, 206 Liquid-castable systems, 201 Liquid crystal devices (LCDs), alignment coating for, 269-270 Liquid crystalline aromatic polyesters, 35 Liquid crystalline polyesters, 25, 26, 48-53... 

Roll and coil coating systems utilize liquid coating materials with organic solvents, which must be stored, manifested, and disposed of according to 40 CFR Part 262 if classified as hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261. 

Coal tar-modified polyurethane is a cold-applied liquid waterproofing system. The system by Sonneborn is an example of this approach to waterproofing. It is applied as a liquid at the rate of 10-15 mils/coat. The coating dries hard, but has some elasticity. This material may be attacked by acids in groundwater but can be defended by a protection board. The performance of any liquid-applied waterproofing systems is limited by the capabilities of the applicator (it is difficult to achieve even coats on vertical surfaces). 

Polymer-modified asphalt is a cold-applied liquid waterproofing system. As with the Sonneborn system mentioned above, the quality of the installation depends on the applicator (it is difficult to achieve an even coating on a vertical surface). High-grade polymer-modified asphalt is superior to coal tar-modified polyurethane in elasticity, crack-spanning ability, and resealability, but inferior in its resistance to chemicals. 

In a partition system the stationary phase is a liquid coated onto a solid support (p. 97). Silica gel, kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) or cellulose powder are the most frequently used. Conditions closely resemble those of counter-current distribution so that in the absence of adsorption by the solid support, solutes move through the system at rates determined by their... 

Linings and liquid surface coating systems for architectural fabrics. .. 

Abstract The principle of catalytic SILP materials involves surface modification of a porous solid material by an ionic liquid coating. Ionic liquids are salts with melting points below 100 °C, generally characterized by extremely low volatilities. In the examples described in this paper, the ionic liquid coating contains a homogeneously dissolved Rh-complex and constitutes a uniform, thin film, which itself displays the catalytic reactivity in the system. Continuous fixed-bed reactor technology has been applied successfully to demonstrate the feasibility of catalytic SILP materials for propene hydroformylation and methanol carbonylation. 

With the exception of neopentyl alcohol (mp 53°C), the amyl alcohols are clear, colorless liquids under atmospheric conditions, with characteristic, slightly pungent and penetrating odors. They have relatively higher boiling points than ketonic or hydrocarbon counterparts and are considered intermediate boiling solvents for coating systems (Table 1). 

Resist materials are usually polymeric in nature and are spun from organic solvents of moderate to low volatility. As such, these bi- or tricomponent liquid spinning systems also usually possess low surface tension and will wet most solid surfaces involved in the technology discussed above, except those with a very low energy and/or contaminated surfaces. This type of substrate presents a problem at resist coat due to nonwetting [2, 9]. In cases where it is observed, the lithographic process cannot be completed without further substrate surface process modification. Needless to say, added process steps are economically unattractive, but sometimes required. 

---