Lipids species

The complex nature of the mass transfer of carotenoids to absorbable lipid species, the diversity of raw and processed foods consumed, and individual variations in the degree of mastication, will lead to differences in the amount of carotenoid that becomes bioaccessible and potentially available for absorption. By understanding the underlying mechanisms of these processes, for a wider range of fruit and vegetable constituents, it will become possible... 

Because a wide variety of TLC plates are available commercially, the most appropriate type of plate should be chosen considering several important factors such as the efficiency of the resolution of the lipid species of interest, cost of the plate, the size of the sample to be applied on the plate, and commercial availability of PTLC, depending on the amount of material to be separated. Silica plates are most commonly used for the analysis of hpids. If a large amount of sample material is needed to be separated, plates with a thicker layer of silica should be used. Commercial PTLC plates are available, and thicknesses of 200 to 2000 pm and 250 to 1000 pm are most commonly used in PTLC. Silica-coated glass plates can be of various sizes ... 

Two-dimensional development is commonly used in analytical TLC for the separation, identification, and sometimes, quantification of complex lipid species especially when one-dimensional development does not provide satisfactory separation where some individual hpids coelute in a number of common solvent systems. 

If amphipathic molecules are mixed with water, three different types of lipid structure are possible the type of aggregate formed depends on the physicochemical conditions and the lipid species involved. The thermodynamic parameter involved is the hydrophobic interaction. 

Gardam, M. A. and Silvius, J. R. (1990). Interactions of different lipid species in multicomponent membranes. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 18, 831-835. 

Global lipid profiling methods typically cover molecular lipid species from the major classes of lipids such as cholesteryl esters, ceramides, mono-(MG), di- (DG), and TGs, and membrane PLs, for example, sphingomyelins (SMs), PCs, phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), PSs, and lysophospholipids. In targeted lipid analysis, specific lipid classes that are poorly covered by the global profiling methods are usually analyzed. These lipids include steroids, sterols, bile acids, fatty acids, signaling lipids such as eicosanoids, and ceramides, as well as polar lipids and inositol lipids. 

The endocannabinoid system is constituted of various lipid species, which include precursors and metabolites of anandamide and 2-AG (Figs. 1 and 2). Each of these lipids appears to have functionally distinct biosynthetic pathways and... 

A final example of the uniqueness of phospholipid structure and composition in cells relates to the fatty acyl (or the hydrocarbon moiety) groups of particular lipid species in cells. Again this distribution, to be illustrated below, is very constant in normal cells and yet raises the question as to why specific phospholipids have a penchant for certain fatty acyl (hydrocarbon) groups which is not exhibited by other phospholipid species in the cell. This question is clearly posed in the data shown in Table 1 -6. This is an abbreviated examination of only a few cells, but a similar profile occurs in many other cells as well. 

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