Lipids molecular structure

Let us first consider the lipid molecular structures required. First is the hydrophobic matching. The length of the hydrophobic chain determines the thickness of the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer, this should correspond closely to the dimension of the native membrane. As most biological membranes contain diacylglycerol lipids with hydrophobic chain lengths of 16 18 carbon atoms. Thus, synthetic lipids should possess relatively long hydrocarbon chain length, e.g., 16-18 carbon atoms. 

Cationic Lipids Molecular Structure/ Transfection Activity Relationships and Interactions with Biomembranes... 

Cationic Lipid Molecular Structure and Phase Behavior. 53... 

Cationic Lipids Molecular Structure/Transfection Activity Relationships... 

A summary and discussion of empirical data on relationships between cationic lipid molecular structure and transfection activity are provided by Koynova and Tenchov Structural features of cationic lipids are related to their interaction with biomembranes and the uptake efficiency of transfection complexes. 

Lewis RNAH, Mannock DA, McElhaney RN. Membrane lipid molecular structure and polymorphism. In Current Topics in Membranes, Volume 44. Lipid Polymorphism and Membrane Properties. Epand RM, ed. 1997. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 25-102... 

CAS numbers from LIPIDAT, Lipid Molecular Structure Database of Ohio State University (http //ww Ar.lipidat.chemistry.ohio-state.edu/cis888/rehner/searchLMSD 2 4.asp). See Figure 2. 

Peroxidation of lipid molecules invariably changes or damages lipid molecular structure. In addition to the self-destructive nature of membrane lipid peroxidation, the aldehydes that are formed can cross-link proteins. When the damaged lipids are the constituents of biologic membranes, the cohesive lipid bilayer arrangement and stable structural organization is disrupted (see Fig. 24.7). Disruption of mitochondrial membrane integrity may result in further free radical production. 

LI PI DAT http //www.lipi dat. chemistry.ohio- state.edu/ Ohio State University, Ohio, USA relational database of thermodynamic and associated information on lipid meso-phase and crystal polymorphic transitions. There are 19,957 records in the database. The database includes lipid molecular structures. Free access via the internet... 

Structural features were investigated to develop correlations between FP and lipid molecular structure [37, 41]. The effect of molecules and ions partitioning into the bilayer assembly was also discovered and investigated. This led the authors to develop a chemical sensor in which measurements of the FP were related to the concentration of H+, Ca +, and Cd + ions [40],... 

MDMS-SL analyzes lipid molecular species in a combined targeted and nontargeted approach and extensively employs the building-block concept for identification of lipid molecular structures (see Chapter 2). The database for MDMS-SL should be as broad and flexible as possible and can be readily constructed based on the building blocks of individual lipid classes (see Chapter 1) [3]. Such a virtual database consists... 

Although many systematic indices (e.g.. Lipid MAPS, Chemical Entries of Biological Interest (ChEBI), lUPAC International Chemical Identifiers (InChl), simplified molecular-input line entry system (SMILES)) were developed to list the chemical compounds, these indices (identifiers) can only be meaningful if the compound is totally identified. However, in practice, lipidomics analysis in many cases can only provide partial identification of lipid molecular structures at the current development of technology. Moreover, different lipidomics approaches provide different levels of stmctural identification of lipid species. Therefore, how to clearly express and report the information about the levels of identification for the structures of lipid species (which can be derived fi om MS analysis) is not only helpful for the readers but also important for bioinformatics and data communication. To this end, the analysis by shotgun lipidomics could be used as a typical example to explain these levels. Similar phenomena also exist in the analysis of lipid species employing LC-MS-based approaches. 

---