Lipase-nitrile hydratase-amidase

The first, and until now only example of a synergic and sequential use of a Hpase, NHase, and amidase has been proposed by D Antona et al. [22] the high enantioselectivity of the lipases from Candida aniarctica B or Rhizomucor miehei 

The reason that cascade reactions on nitrile-containing compounds are not mainstream yet in chemical synthesis is the fact that chiral molecules are mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry, a small and conservative industry because of health care regulations. Enzyme usage in food or detergent appHcations has taken off to much larger volumes, resulting in higher quantities and more 

Banerjee, A., Sharma, R., and Banerjee, U.C. (2002) The nitrile-degrading enzymes current status and future prospects. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 

and Asano, Y. (2006) Molecular and enzymatic analysis of the aldoxime-nitrile pathway in the gluta-ronitrile degrader Pseudomonas sp. K-9. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 70, 92-101. 

Martinkova, L. and Kfen, V. (2010) Biotransformations with nitrilases. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 14, 130-137. 

---

Very few reports are available for the enzymatic surface modification of synthetic fibers. Peroxidase, lipase, cutinase, nitrilase, nitrile hydratase, amidase, protease, and hydrolase have been reported for the surface modification of synthetic polymers (Table 4.1). 

After acetylation with vinyl acetate, the Amano lipase PS was used for the (R)-specific ester cleavage of (R,S)-cyanohydrin acetate [113]. The chirality of acetylated (JS)-and nonacetylated (JR)-cyanohydrin products was enhanced using R. rhodochrous ATCC 21197 for the further conversion to optically active a-hydroxy acids (Fig. 35), which are useful starting materials in synthetic organic chemistry [90]. The Rhodococcus strain has been reported to contain a stereospecific nitrilase (Fig. 22), a stereospecific nitrile hydratase (Figs. 10 and 11), and a stereospecific amidase (Figs. 16 and 27). 

---