Enzymatic surface modification

Vertommen MAME, Nierstrasz VA, Veer Mvd et al (2005) Enzymatic surface modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate). J Biotechnol 120 376-386... 

Donelli M, Taddei P, Smet P F et al (2009) Enzymatic surface modification and functionalization of PET. A water contact angle, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy study. Biotechnol Bioeng 103 845-856... 

Wang N, Xu Y, Lu D (2004) Enzymatic surface modification of acrylic fiber. AATCC Rev 4 28-30... 

Battistel E, Morra M, Marinetti M (2001) Enzymatic surface modification of acrylonitrile fibers. Appl Surface Sci 177 32 1... 

Wang J, Liang G, Zhao W, Zhang Z (2007) Enzymatic surface modification of PBO fibres. Surface and Coating Technology 201 4800-4804... 

Challenges for Enzymatic Surface Modification of Synthetic Polymers... 

Enzymatic surface modification limits to the surfaces of polymers. 

Very few reports are available for the enzymatic surface modification of synthetic fibers. Peroxidase, lipase, cutinase, nitrilase, nitrile hydratase, amidase, protease, and hydrolase have been reported for the surface modification of synthetic polymers (Table 4.1). 

Zhao, J., Fan, G., Guo, Z., Zhang, Y., and Wang, D. 2005. Enzymatic surface modification of Kevlar fibers. Science in China, Series B, Chemistry, 48 37-40. 

Donelli, M., Taddei, P., Smet, P.F., Poelman, D., Nierstrasz, V.A., and Freddi, G. (2009) Enzymatic Surface Modification and Functionalization of PET. A Water Contact Angle, FTIR, and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Study. COST868 Conference, Istanbul, Turkey, 19.-20.2.2009. 

Classic solid phase substrates used in biotesting, such as microtiter plates, membrane filters or microscope slides, have been the first supports used for NA immobilization in array fabrication [27]. Desired attributes of any DNA array substrate include (i) chemical homogeneity (ii) thermal and chemical stability (iii) ability to control surface chemical properties such as polarity or hydrophobicity (iv) ability to be activated with a wide range of chemical functionalities (v) reproducibihty of the surface modification processes involved (vi) inert with respect to enzymatic activity especially ones involved in DNA manipulation and (vii) ultra-low intrinsic fluorescence. 

Since none of the liposomal immunoassay approaches described in the scientific literature thus far took advantage of surface immobilization techniques, one could envision a double-amplification biosensor in which surface modification plays an important role [35]. For example, consider a dehydrogenase enzyme marker system which requires an electroactive cofactor such as NAD+. In the enzymatic reaction scheme ... 

Zhao J, Guo Z, Liang G et al (2004) Novel surface modification of high-density polyethylene films by using enzymatic catalysis. J Appl Polym Sci 91 3673-3678... 

Regarding 1,2-dithiocins, the chemo-enzymatic preparation of copolymeric polythioesters containing branched-chain thioether groups <2007MI357>, and the photolysis of hexahydro-l,2-dithiocins in the presence of diamond films which led to a surface modification that introduced thioalkylthiol functional groups was also reported <2007MI348>. 

Surface modification of polymers exhibits many challenges during enzymatic treatment. Therefore, some parameters that should be kept in mind when modifying the surface of polymers are discussed below. 

An amperometric biosensor for OPC pesticides based on a CNT-modified transducer and an OPH biocatalyst is described. A bilayer approach with the OPH layer on top of the CNT film was used for preparing the CNT/OPH biosensor. The CNT layer leads to a greatly improved anodic detection of the enzymatically generated p-nitrophenol product, including higher sensitivity and stability. The sensor performance was optimized with respect to the surface modification and operating conditions. Under the optimal conditions the biosensor was used to measure as low as... 

Hemmpel, W. H. (1991). The surface modification of woven and knitted cellulosic fibre fabrics by enzymatic degradation, Int Text. Bull—Dye./ Printing/Finishing., 3(1), 5-14. 

Zeolite membranes are amenable by surface modification with a variety of chemical functional groups using simple silane chemistry that may provide alternative surface chemistry pathways for enzyme immobilization. In this context, Shukla et al. [338] have recently used a chemically modified zeolite-clay composite membrane for the immobilization of porcine lipase using glutaraldehyde to provide a chemical linkage between the enzyme and the membrane. The effects of pH, temperature, and solvent on the performance of such biphasic zeolite-membrane reactors have been evaluated in the hydrolysis of olive oil to fatty acids. Similarly, Algieri et al. [339] have immobilized tyrosinase on FAU membranes for the enzymatic conversion of the 1-tyrosine to 1-DOPA as an effective drug for Parkinson s disease treatment. This approach combines the active role of zeolite membrane as enzyme support and inhibitor suppressor. Moreover,... 

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