Linear scaling, drawbacks

An advantages of the VERPS method is that both active and passive safety can be asses sedona common linear scale. A drawback is that only pedestrian head injuries in primary frontal passenger vehicle collisions are evaluated, while secondary impacts are not taken included [73, 74]. 

These polymers show low unspecific binding to proteins due to their hydrophilic nature but are of limited stability when operated in large-scale columns. Due to the weight of the packing material the packed bed is compressed and the linear flow rate has to be drastically reduced. To overcome this drawback, some materials have been cross-linked to stabilize the particles. These classical type materials have been widely reviewed elsewhere (Jungbauer, 2005 Curling and Gottschalk, 2007). 

The Mohs hardness test (the word scratch is assumed) is almost a nondestructive test. The hardness of a gemstone is usually referred to as its Mohs hardness. Since this hardness value is determined by a scratch test, it is not actually a hardness. The scale has many drawbacks including the fact that it is not linear, it does not necessarily relate to wear resistance, and it damages the specimen so it is not ideal for polished stones. 

The LWP method has several drawbacks. It is generally difficult to come up with exact criteria weights. The method also requires all the criteria values to be scaled properly if the measurement units are very different. For example, quality may be measured in "percent defectives," service may be measured by lead-time in days, capacity in hundreds of units, and price in dollars. The use of linear additive value fimction violates the normal economic principle of "Diminishing Marginal Utility." In Section 6.3, we will discuss several methods for ranking suppliers that overcome these drawbacks. 

Perturbation methods are size consistent in other words, they lead to total energies that scale linearly with the size of the system. However, they have drawbacks. First, their energies are not upper bounds to the exact energy of the system (because the energy expression is not of the expectation value form). Second, the wavefunction is expressed in terms of corrections to a presumed dominant reference function of a single determinant. Therefore, when Hartree-Fock theory presents a major problem, MP2 may not be an appropriate method of rectification. For further discussion of post-Hartree-Fock methods, see, for example, a recent, excellent review by Bartlett and Stanton. 

Several approaches have been proposed in the literature to estimate the overall heat transfer coefficient [7-12]. The most common approach implemented in commercial lab scale calorimeters (like the RCl calorimeter from Mettler-Toledo), uses a two point calibration (nsing a calibration heater of a known power) [13]. The calibration is carried out at the beginning and at the end of the polymerization (in absence of reaction) and then the value of U is interpolated. There are two main drawbacks with this approach The first is that the heat of reaction cannot be obtained online because the expected change of U during the polymerization reaction (typically a decrease) cannot be calculated until the end of the reaction, and the second drawback is that the off-line calculated depends on the interpolation of the U values calculated at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Although commercial equipment allows for different interpolations methods (linear, proportional to conversion, etc.), significant errors can be made in the computation of the... 

The linear combination for dp has one drawback the orbital now contains more volume than the other d-orbitals, since it is the sum of two functions. The volume of the orbital relates to the probability of finding an electron in fact, an integral of the square of the wavefunction over a given volume gives this probability. The five d-orbitals must each give a total probability of 1, and so an additional factor is used to scale the dp orbital back down to size. 

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