Limiting groups

When [A] [B], both ends of the growing chain tend to be terminated by the group which is present in excess. Subsequent reaction of such a molecule involves reaction with the limiting group. The effect is a decrease in the maximum attainable degree of polymerization. 

It should be noted that most of these theories for the prediction of the pressure losses in cyclones ultimately require the assignment of certain experimentally determined quantities in order to produce reasonable agreement between theory and experiment. The involvement of these empirical constants almost certainly restrains the use of the theories to the limited group of cyclones that the experiment has covered in order to produce good predictions of pressure drops through the cyclone. Therefore, these empirical theories may be used only as a preliminary estimate of the energy consumption in cyclones. Prototype cyclone experiments may well be required in order to obtain an accurate value of the pressure loss for a newly designed cyclone. 

Intense and analytically useful direct chemiluminescence (CL) has been observed from a rather limited group of organic compounds. These include diacylhydraz-ides, indoles, acridines and acridans, polydimethylaminoethylenes, anthracenes, and aroyl peroxides. A substantial number of other kinds of compounds, when... 

Tate i Lyle, Limited, Group Research it Development,... 

Rlaz Khan, Tate Group Research it Development, Philip Lyle Memorial Research Laboratory, P. O. Box 68, Reading, Berkshire RGB 2BX, England (235)... 

Although the criteria of these types are purely qualitative and cannot claim to evaluate quantitatively the degree of aromaticity, by and large, conclusions based on them are consistent with those obtained by means of the principal criteria and even quantitative agreement is not rare. However, their applicability is confined to a rather limited group of compounds. 

To the broader biochemical community the term non-heme iron proteins has frequently suggested a limited group of low-molecular-weight proteins confined to electron transfer between enzymes in a limited number of reactions, such as nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis. ... 

The serotonergic agonists constitute a limited group of compounds, initially including serotonin (4.109) itself, bufotenin (4.117), a natural product found in plants as well... 

Similar analyses of interrelationships between other of the quantities in ruby print-outs which interact t8 produce Pruby have been carried out. These have allowed a series of approximations whereby Eqs. (7) and (Al) are modified to yield still another expression, which has its roots in the behavior of the K-W equation of state, but which closely reproduces the P-N-M-Q-po relationships in empirical Eq. (8). The reasoning behind these approximations is rather involved and of probable interest to only a limited group of readers their detailed discussion is therefore deferred to a subsequent paper in this series. 

This button works in the same way as the Proc, Para... button and allows the selection of the plot parameters to be included in the plot. These parameters are stored in a. PLT file and is the file referred to when the spectral comparison mode is selected in the Plot Limits group box using the File Comp. X and File Comp. Y check boxes. Allows you to select all the parameters stored in a. DIS file. This file is created during the conversion of Aspect 3000 files (DISNMR and DISMSL files) into the WIN-NMR format. 

Within a limited group of hydrocarbons, cycloalkenes, the kinetically derived association constants on Pt/Al203 correlate with both model reactions and the strain in the double bond which suggests that the relief of strain is a principal factor in determining relative reactivity in this series, Table 1. 

Changes in the molecular composition of organic matter during decomposition are also indicative of reactivity and diagentic alteration. Compositional indicators are often derived from common biochemical classes, such as amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Some molecular indicators occur in a limited group of organisms, such as diatoms, whereas others are found in all organisms. Thus, these compounds... 

In terms of the three limiting group symmetries used in the interacting boson model (IBM), the shape transition of Ru or Pd nuclei can be explained as a SU(5) to 0(6) transition [STA82]. The transition of Sr or Zr nuclei is characterized instead as SU(5) to SU(3). 

The best approach is to choose a limited number of covariates that are all related to the outcome variable. The question then becomes How does one decide on this limited group of related covariates One strategy would be to look at all baseline values at the end of the trial and to include those that seem very different between the groups in the ANCOVA model. However, this strategy is not ideal. The safest approach is to select prognostic covariates before the trial and identify... 

The ability of diazonium salts to act as radical scavengers for nucleophilic alkyl radicals was first discovered in mechanistic studies on the Meerwein arylation [96]. Shortly after, this concept was applied for the functionalization of a limited group of activated alkenes [97-99]. The much greater synthetic potential of this functionalization type, which arises from the successful use of non-activated alkenes as substrates, has recently been investigated. In a typical reaction, as illustrated in Scheme 19, the diazonium salt 48 acts as source for aryl radicals 49 and as radical scavenger [100]. 

A vast amount of empirical molecular potential energy functions and a series of corresponding programs (molecular mechanics and consistent force field programs) are available (for recent reviews see 203 205)). Unfortunately these energy functions are always the result of optimization on a rather limited group of compounds. No... 

Chemotherapeutic agents acting only on a single or a limited group of microorganisms are said to have a narrow spectrum. For example, isoniazid is active only against Mycobacteria (Figure 28.6B). 

Table 3-1. Symmetry Notations of the Crystallographic and a Few Limiting Groups...

There are several sides to the chemistry of our product. We first consider compositions in our system. Dirt is poorly defined, but it can be divided into a limited group of similar types, such as the particles in mud and soot, the soluble salts and sugars, the calcium scum formed by washing, the fatty or oily types of dirt, stains such as those of wine or coffee, and blobs of polymers such as proteins or polysaccharides. 

The microclimate of the leaf surface has been described as a "hostile" environment where only a limited group of organisms regularly occurs. This... 

The values of the CJ pressure for each explosive are included because that was the only explosive parameter found that came close to correlating with B for this rather limited group of explosives. That correlation is shown in Figure 27.14. Often it is of interest to find or predict the largest fiagment weight that... 

The values for heat of detonation were included in this table to show that there seems to be decent correlation (among this very limited group) between the constant K and A//exp, seen plotted in Figure 28.6. Reference 26 gives the constants for Pentolite as = 4.78 x 10 and a = 1.194. 

---