Liming of soil

Liming -of soils [LIME AND LIMESTONE] (Vol 15) -of sugar beet juice [SUGAR - BEET SUGAR] (Vol 23)... 

However, increased alkalinity due to liming of soils potentially can result in dissolution of Fe and Al-P compounds, and the phosphorus release can precipitate with Ca. 

Combinations of lignite flyash from North Dakota and hydrated lime can increase the strength and durabiHty of soils. The lime content varies from 2—7% and 1ime flyash ratio from 1 1 to 1 7 (61). Lignite flyash can also be used as a partial replacement for Portland cement to produce strong, durable concrete (62). 

Determination of the pH Value of Sludge, Soil, Mud and Sediment and the Lime Requirement of Soil (Second Edition) (by Determination of the pH Value of Sludge, Soil, Mud and Sediment or by Determination of the Lime Requirement of Soil), 1992... 

Self-Test E.5B Calculate the amount of Ca(OH)2 formula units in 1.00 kg of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), which is used to adjust the acidity of soils. 

Slaked lime is used as an inexpensive base in industry, as well as to adjust the pH of soils in agriculture. Perhaps surprisingly, it is also used to remove Ca + ions from hard water containing Ca(HC03)2. Its role here is to convert HC03 into CO,2" by providing OH ions ... 

Amendation of soil with lime and organic matter decreases uptake (Adriano 1979 Hoyt and Adriano 1979). This is thought to reduce the solubility or increase americium binding, thereby reducing its availability. 

Adriano DC, Delaney MS, Hoyt GD, et al. 1977. Availability to plants and soil extraction of americium-241 as influenced by chelating agent, lime, and soil type. Environ Exp Bot 17 69-77. 

Although arsenic is not an essential plant nutrient, small yield increases have sometimes been observed at low soil arsenic levels, especially for tolerant crops such as potatoes, com, rye, and wheat (Woolson 1975). Arsenic phytotoxicity of soils is reduced with increasing lime, organic matter, iron, zinc, and phosphates (NRCC 1978). In most soil systems, the chemistry of As becomes the chemistry of arsenate the estimated half-time of arsenic in soils is about 6.5 years, although losses of 60% in 3 years and 67% in 7 years have been reported (Woolson 1975). Additional research is warranted on the role of arsenic in crop production, and in nutrition, with special reference to essentiality for aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. 

What to do Tliis disease is very difficult to control, so avoidance is very important Buy plants from a reliable source, or raise your own. Build up good soil structure and improve drainage. Lime acidic soils (seep.55). Where clubroot is present liming to a pH of at least 7 may help. Remove all infected roots from the soil as soon as possible,... 

Table V compares the degradation of total 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T (n-butyl esters and acids) over six years of observations In the Kansas and Florida locations. Although the rates of application were similar, the method of application, preplant Incorporation versus subsurface Injection, resulted In significant differences In the Initial concentrations of herbicides In the plots. The acid of 2,4,5-T comprised most of the total residue after the first two years. Although some residues were recovered, especially In later years, at depths below 15 cm, the majority (90 percent) of residue was confined to the top 15 cm of soil profile. The addition of soil amendments such as lime, organic matter and fertilizer did not appreciably Increase the overall rate of disappearance of the herbicide. The addition of activated coconut charcoal, however, significantly decreased the rate of disappearance of herbicide. Six years after the charcoal plots were established, residues (primarily 2,4,5-T acid) were still present.

The practical significance of such competition evolves from the experience that silicate and (anionic) humics can increase the efficiency of phosphate fertiliser because these compounds occupy sites suitable for phosphate adsorption (Kingston et ak, 1968 Schwertmann, 1995). Hydroxyl is another anion that competes effectively with adsorbing anions, owing to its location in the inner Helmholz layer. The release of adsorbed phosphate after liming a soil or after inflow of acidic surface soil into weakly alkaline surface waters due to erosion, can be considered as the result of competition between OH and phosphate ions. 

A.J.G. Blesa, M.A. (1988) The dissolution of magnetite by nitrilotriacetatoferrate(II). J. Chem. Soc. Earaday Trans. I. 84 9-18 Delgado, A. Torrent, J. (2000) Phosphorus forms and desorption patterns in heavily fertilized calcareous and limed acid soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 64 2031-2037 Delgado, A.V. Gonzalez-Caballero, F. (1998) Inorganic particles as colloidal models. Effects of size and shape on the electrokinetics of hematite (a-Fe203). Croatica Chemica Acta 71 1087-1104... 

Definition. The lime requirement of a mineral soil is the number of tonnes of calcium carbonate calculated to raise the pH of a hectare of soil 200 mm deep, under field conditions, to, and maintain at, 6.5. 

Lipsett, J., A. Pinkerton, and D.J. David. 1979. Boron deficiency as a factor in the reclamation by liming of a soil contaminated by mine waste. Environ. Pollut. 20 231-240. 

The most important industrial alkalis are the weak alkali ammonia (Section 9.3), caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), and lime (calcium oxide).1-6 For many industrial and agricultural purposes, the most economical source of alkali is lime, which is used in steelmaking and other metallurgical operations ( 45% of U.S. production of lime), in control of air pollution from smokestack gases (Chapter 8), in water and sewage treatment (Sections 9.6 and 14.5), in pulp and paper production (Section 10.4), in reduction of soil acidity, in cement and concrete manufacture (indirectly, as discussed later), and in many chemical processes such as paper making (Section 10.4). In short, lime is one of the most important of all chemical commodities. 

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