Lignocellulose fibers

Fibers for commercial and domestic use are broadly classified as natural or synthetic. The natural fibers are vegetable, animal, or mineral ia origin. Vegetable fibers, as the name implies, are derived from plants. The principal chemical component ia plants is cellulose, and therefore they are also referred to as ceUulosic fibers. The fibers are usually bound by a natural phenoHc polymer, lignin, which also is frequentiy present ia the cell wall of the fiber thus vegetable fibers are also often referred to as lignocellulosic fibers, except for cotton which does not contain lignin. 

Attempts have been also made to use ceric ion initiation for grafting vinyl monomers onto lignocellulosic fibers. Lin et al. [27] grafted MMA and AN onto bambo. 

Thermodynamically controlled self-assembly of an equilibrated ensemble of POMs with [AlVWnO40]6 as the main component could act as a catalyst for the selective delignification of wood (lignocellulose) fibers (Figure 13.2) [55], Equilibration reactions typical of POMs kept the pH of the system near 7 during the catalysis that avoided acid or base degradation of cellulose. 

Chen, R. and Kokta, B.V. (1982). Graft copolymerisation of lignosulphonate with methacrylic acid and acrylate monomers. In Graft Polymerisation of Lignocellulosic Fibers, Hon, D.N.S. (Ed.). ACS Symposium Series, 187, pp. 285-299. 

Gomez-Bueso, J., Westin, M., Torgilsson, R., Olesen, P.O. and Simonson, R. (2000). Composites made from acetylated lignocellulosic fibers of different origin. Part I. Properties of dry-formed fiber boards. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 58(1-2), 9-14. 

Rowell, R.M. and Rowell, J.S. (1989). Moisture sorption properties of acetylated lignocellulosic fibers. In Cellulose and Wood Chemistry and Technology, Proceedings of the 10th Cellulose Conference, Schuerch, C. (Ed.). John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 343-355. 

Rowell, R.M., Cleary, B.A., Rowell, J.S., Clemons, C. and Young, R.A. (1993b). Results of chemical modification of lignocellulosic fibers for use in composites. In Wood Fiber/Polymer Composites Fundamental Concepts, Processes, and Material Options, Wolcott, M.P. (Ed.). Eorest Products Society, Madison, Wiseconsin, USA, pp. 121-127. 

Chemical Modification of Lignocellulosic Fibers To Produce High-Performance Composites... 

We are in the process of producing fiberboards from various types of acetylated lignocellulosic fibers. Most of our research has been on pine or aspen particleboards or flakeboards, so the data presented here on dimensional stability and biological resistance come mainly from these types of boards. 

For some applications, a combination of materials may be required to achieve a composite with the desired properties and performance. Property-improved lignocellulosic fibers can be combined with materials such as metal, glass, plastic, natural polymers, and synthetic fiber to yield a new generation of composite materials. New composites will be developed that utilize the unique properties obtainable by combining many different materials. This trend will increase significantly in the future. 

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