Lignocellulose enzyme

Mtui G, Nakamura Y. (2010). Lignocellulosic enzymes from Flavodon flavus, a fungus isolated from western Indian Ocean off the Coast of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Afr J Biotechnol, 7, 3066-3072. 

Dye decolorizing potential of the WRF Ganoderma lucidum KMK2 was demonstrated for recalcitrant textile dyes. G. lucidum produced laccase as the dominant lignolytic enzyme during SSF of wheat bran, a natural lignocellulosic substrate. Crude enzyme shows excellent decolorization activity to anthraquinone dye Rema-zol Brilliant Blue R without redox mediator, whereas diazo dye Remazol Black-5 (RB-5) requires a redox mediator [43]. 

Further research is also needed in this area. Particularly, (a) to create a new generation of cheap enzymes for hydrolysis of cellulose and lignocellulose to fermentable sugars (able to complete the biomass hydrolysis during fermentation) (b) to develop improved biocatalysts that allow us to simplify the process and reduce energy input and (c) to improve separation and recovery. 

Grdnqvist, S., Suumakki, A., Niku-Paavola, M.L., Kruus, K., Buchert, J. and Viikari, L. (2003). Lignocellulosic processing with oxidative enzymes. In Applications of Enzymes to Ugnocellulosics, Mansfield, D. and Saddler, J.N. (Eds.). ACS Symposium Series, 855, pp. 46-65. 

Puls, J. Poutanen, K. Enzyme Systems for Lignocellulose Degradation Elsevier Applied Science London and New York, 1989, p 151... 

The mean lignocellulose particle size in the growth medium effects the efficiency and timing for extraction. The high relative surface area of small particles provides for increased enzyme extraction and earlier extraction (increased nutrient accessibility results in enhanced growth). However, if the particles are too small they can limit aeration and suppress fungal growth. 

Zimmerman, W. In Enzyme Systems for Lignocellulose Degradation, Goughian, M.P. Ed. Elsevier London, 1989 pp 167-181. 

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