Lightweight constructions materials

One of the most important characteristics of polymer materials is that they are lightweight. The term lightweight construction is often used in connection with so-called lightweight construction materials such as fibre-reinforced polymer composites. These are important because of their high strength at relatively low density. However, conventional construc-... 

S. Charoenvai, J. Khedari, J. Hirunlabh, C. Asasutjarit, B. Zeghmati, D. Quenard, and N. Pratintong, Heat and moisture transport in durian fiber based lightweight construction materials. Sol. Energ. 78(4), 543-553 (2005). 

Conveyor-Belt Devices The metal-belt type (Fig. 11. 55) is the only device in this classification of material-haudhug equipment that has had serious effort expended on it to adapt it to indirecl heat-transfer seiwice with divided solids. It features a lightweight construction of a large area with a thin metal wall. ludirect-coohiig applications have been made with poor thermal performance, as could be expected with a static layer. Auxihaiy plowlike mixing devices, which are considered an absolute necessity to secure any worthwhile results for this seiwice, restrict applications. 

Since the stiffness of a laminate varies as a cubic relationship with the thickness, there are alternate methods employed to achieve thickness - and hence stiffness - than by using multiple layers of fiberglass and resin. Lightweight core materials, such as end-grained balsa wood, high-density polyurethane foam, PVC foam, and honeycombed materials, are available. These materials are sandwiched in between layers of unsaturated polyester resin to achieve increased laminate stiffness. The common terminology used for this technique is sandwich construction . 

Not all of the interest in mineral matter in coals is stimulated by its detrimental effects during coal use. In several instances coal is a source of desired elements and materials. Uranium has been produced from lignite germanium and sulfur could be produced from coal and coal ash has been used for construction materials such as brick, lightweight aggregate, and road paving material. 

Wood is one of the oldest construction materials in human use and continues to be an extremely valuable material to this day. Wood is lightweight, strong, stable, easily worked and fastened, a good insulator, warm to the touch, and pleasing in appearance, among many other attributes. 

Lightweight road construction material Playground gravel substitutes Sludge composting... 

Lightweight constructions with improved mechanical properties versus classical metallic materials... 

These fibers are, due to their high thermal stability, particularly suitable for applications in high temperature thermal insulation and for the manufacture of metal matrix and ceramic matrix composites. They arc clearly superior to metal materials due to their lower weight, particularly in the lightweight construction of accelerated structure elements for which the basic material should represent an improve-... 

In recent years, the concept of light construction has led to the development of hybrid structural parts. Using parts made of pure plastic runs into repeated difficulties because of the material s low modulus of elasticity, since the only way to compensate for this drawback is to use much thicker structures. Combinations of sheet metal materials with plastics facilitate new solutions that do justice to the concept of lightweight construction and provide new properties at the same time (sound insulation, thermal conductivity, dynamic stability, corrosion protection). The precondition for successful development of such hybrid structural parts is a reliable bond between the two materials. In certain cases, this must be realized by adhesives that are flexible with regard to the a problem (different heat expansion coefficients of the materials), but still provide high strength levels. 

Environmental — Reduced fuel consumption during product life — Fully recyclable in the form of similar structural components (middle layer) — Lightweight construction potential for reduced fuel consumption during product life — Not known as compared to metal or metal hybrid version — Market for secondary raw materials still very small... 

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