Liberal society

Ibid., p. 287 cf. also p. 303 Liberal society may not stifle or suppress the free exchange of ideas and points of view. ... 

The industrial warfare of the twentieth century has required unprecedented steps toward the total mobilization of the society and the economy. 2 Even quite liberal societies like the United States and Britain became, in the context of war mobilization, directly administered societies. The worldwide depression of the 1930s similarly propelled liberal states into extensive experiments in social and economic planning in an effort to relieve economic distress and to retain popular legitimacy. In the cases of war and depression, the rush toward an administered society has an aspect of force majeure to it. The postwar rebuilding of a war-torn nation may well fall in the same category. 

Gaylin, W., and Jennings, B. The Perversion of Autonomy The Proper Uses of Coercion and Constraints in a Liberal Society. New York Free Press, 1996. 

Individual Best Interest Nobody can be forced to participate but it is not hard to imagine that non-participation can endanger the minority s continuing preservatiOTi and existence. It also seems natural that one wants to be included in some way on issues that have a direct effect on oneself. One example of inclusion is participation. Minorities are different from the majorities otherwise they wouldn t be minorities. Minorities have special interests and these need to be taken into consideratimi in order to reach the general aims and preserve a liberal society s values. 

Even for minority groups that wish to isolate themselves from the larger liberal society in which they are situated, moral and corresponding legal powers over their members have to be reconciled within the framework of the individual rights that me fimdamental for membership in the larger society. 

In the case when k = 0.5 shown in Fig. 2.4 an interpretation in terms of a liberal society is possible because the adaptation trend to the prevailing opinion is low. The independent preferences of the individuals described by 6 play the main role. For <5 = 0, i.e. no preference, the most probable society (the mode of... 

The choice of isr = 0.5 and T = 50 in Fig. 2.11 b corresponds to the situation in a liberal society with slow changes in preference trends (large T). The time dependence of all the variables is almost the same as in Fig. 2.11 a but now the opinion configuration (x),. follows the slow variations in d t ) almost without delay. 

In the Figs. 2.12 a, b time has been eliminated and (x) is represented as a function of the preference parameter d. Illustrated are so-called hysteresis loops for which the Figs. 2.12a, b correspond to the results of Figs. 2.11a, b. These figures show that the motion of the socio-configuration (collective opinion configuration) in a liberal society follows closely and in smooth evolutionary way the development of the individual preference trends described by d. Further, the moderate values and variations in the variance (i.e. the dispersion of the distribution) lead to small fluctuations of sample paths around their mean... 

It is left to the reader to apply - and to extend the implications inherent in -the model in making an inital interpretation of many relevant events of recent history, in particular of the smooth evolutionary transitions in liberal societies and the hard revolutionary transitions in totalitarian societies (e.g. the Carter-Reagan change represents a smooth transition and the Shah-Ayatollah change a hard transition). 

Electricity has become as indispensable as heat to the functioning of industrialized society. The source of most of the electricity used is the energy of the fuels discussed earher in this section liberated by combustion as heat, it drives heat engines which, in turn, drive electrical generators. 

Mainstream economics presupposes that the market is, in conditions of perfect competition, an automatic mechanism for resource allocation that leads to allocative efficiency, that is, allows the maximization of consumers welfare with available resources. On this basis, liberal economists tend to defend that public powers should abstain from intervening in or regulating the market, assuming that the result of any intervention will distort resource assignation and cause efficiency and welfare losses for society. Nevertheless, even those economists who are most staunchly in favour of the free market acknowledge that there are situations in which laissez-faire, the inhibition of the public powers, is not the best course of action. 

Drinan, Robert E America Needs Gun Control If It Is to Call Itself a Civilized Society. National Catholic Reporter, vol. 27, May 24, 1991, p. 11. A passionate moral argument for gun control from noted liberal Catholic priest and social commentator Robert Drinan. 

Fig. 7. 300 MHz H HRMAS NMR spectra of a resin suspension swollen with DMF-dq from a reaction mixture and spun at 4 kHz. The spectrum (A) was obtained with a single-pulse sequence. The spectra in (B), liberated from the reaction vessel at the times indicated, were obtained using a diffusion filter to reduce the signals from non-bound species. Note the excellent suppression of the solvent DMF peak at 8 ppm. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 75. Copyright 2000 American Chemical Society.

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