Leukemia drugs

LEUKEMIA DRUG DOSE MEDIAN SURVIVAL TIME %ILS... 

K. Chilman-Blair, N.E. Mealy, J. Castaner, Clofarabine. Treatment of acute leukemia, Drugs Fut. 29 (2004) 112-120. 

Bakhtiar R, Khemani L, Hayes M et al. (2002) Quantification of the anti-leukemia drug ST1571 (Gleevec) and ist metabolite (CGP 74588) in monkey plasma using a semi-automated solid phase extraction procedure and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 28(6) 1183-1194... 

Paul C, Lliemark J, Tidefelt U, et al. Pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin and doxorubicin in plasma and leukemic-cell from patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Drug Monit 1989 11 140-148. 

Bakhtiar, R. Khemani, L. Hayes, M. Bedman, T Tse, F. "Quantification of the Anti-Leukemia Drug ST1571 (Gleevec) and its Metabolite (CGP 74588) in Monkey Plasma Using a Semi-Automated Solid Phase Extraction Procedure and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 28, 1183-1194 (2002). 

Plosker GL, Figgitt DP. Rituximab a review of its use in non-Hodgkin s lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Drugs 2004 63 803-843. Anonymous. Iodine-131 tositumomab [Bexxar] for treatment of lymphoma. Med Lett 2003 45 86-87. 

O w Minimal bone marrow sup pression and alopecia, hepatotoxic, pancreotoxic, CNS disturbances, inhibits clotting, hyperglycemia. IV or IM. Induction of remission in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Drug may induce anaphylaxis. Available in Erwinia or E. Co//origin (different allergenic potentials)... 

Fenton C, Perry CM. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin a review of its use in acute myeloid leukemia. Drugs 2005 65 2405-2427. 

Gene G, Ozkaya O, Acikgbz Y, Yapid O, Bek K, Giilnar Sensoy S, Ozyurek E. Acute renal failure with acyclovir treatment in a child with leukemia. Drug Chem Toxicol 2010 33(2) 217-9. 

Several synthetic pyrimidines and purines are useful drugs Acyclovir was the first effective antiviral compound and is used to treat herpes infections 6 Mercaptopunne is one of the drugs used to treat childhood leukemia which has become a very treatable form of cancer with a cure rate approaching 80%... 

MTX is part of curative therapeutic schedules for acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL), Burkitt s lymphoma, and choriocarcinoma. It was also used in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. High dose MTX with leucovorin rescue can induce about 30% remissions in patients with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. MTX is one of the few antineoplastic drugs that can be safely administered intrathecally for the treatment of meningeal metastases and leukemic infiltrations (routine prophylaxis in ALL). In addition, MTX can be used as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. 

The Orphan Drug Act of 1983 was passed to encourage die development and marketing of products used to treat rare diseases. The act defines a rare disease as a condition affecting fewer than 200,000 individuals in die United States. The National Organization of Rare Disorders reports that there are more tiian 6000 rare disorders that affect approximately 25 million individuals. Examples of rare disorders include Tourette s syndrome, ovarian cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Huntington s disease, and certain forms of leukemia... 

Those at risk of developing tuberculosis (eg, those with Hodgkin s disease, severe diabetes mellitus, leukemia, and other serious illnesses and those receiving corticosteroids or drug therapy for a malignancy)... 

Warfarin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, hemorrhagic disease, tuberculosis, leukemia, uncontrolled hypertension, gastrointestinal (GI) ulcers, recent surgery of the eye or... 

Some adverse reactions are desirable, for example, the depressing effect of certain antineoplastic drugs on the bone marrow because this adverse drag reaction is essential in the treatment of the leukemias. Other adverse reactions are not desirable, for example, severe vomiting or diarrhea. 

The "stealth" concept may offer two other opportunities for liposome application (1) Conventional immunoliposomes (see Sec. VI.C) have been shown to be removed rapidly firom the circulation by the MPS (Peeters et al., 1987). The combination of the stealth approach for longer circulation with the attachment of antibodies or antibody fragments may provide a means of delivery of drugs to their sites of action with a high degree of specificity. This could be useful for treating leukemia, graft-vs.-host diseases, and HIV disease. 

The cytotoxic activities of the 2, 2 -difluoro analog (775) of 737 against Chinese hamster ovary and tumor cells, in comparison with those of 1- -d-arabinofuranosylcytosine ara-C, a drug for leukemia), have been studied 775 is transported the faster through membrane into cells, more effectively phosphorylated by the deoxycytidine kinase (to the 5 -mono-phosphate) and, after conversion into the 5 -triphosphate, more highly accumulated in the cells, with longer duration time, than is ara-C, but nevertheless 775 is incorporated into the DNA to a lesser extent than is ara-C. These characteristics of 775 were discussed. 

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